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# Timeline ## 1940 - Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia ## 1945 - East germany, Romania - 4th February Yalta conference - May Germany surrenders - 17th July Potsdan conference - 6th August USA drops atomic bomb - August defeat axis powers ## 1946 - March 5th Ivan curtain speech - Bulgaria ## 1947...

# Timeline ## 1940 - Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia ## 1945 - East germany, Romania - 4th February Yalta conference - May Germany surrenders - 17th July Potsdan conference - 6th August USA drops atomic bomb - August defeat axis powers ## 1946 - March 5th Ivan curtain speech - Bulgaria ## 1947 - 12th March Truman Doctrine - 5th June Marshall Plan - October Lominform - Poland: Soviet cooperation with satellite countries, limiting western influence. Planned economy (not what people want). ## 1948 - 24th June Berlin Blockade - 17th May Berlin ended - Czechoslovakia, Hungary ## 1949 - Soviet version of Marshal Plan, 5 year plan, can't trade with the West. - January Soviet Union comecon - 4th April NATO formed - May, America + Britain + France unite zones - Federal republic - 29th of Germany (FRG/West) - August USSR successful bomb test - October, German Democratic Republic ## 1955 - Warsaw pact # Ideologies ## Capitalism - Everyone can own property, make the most money in a business - Multi-party (free elections) - Class - Freedom of press ## Communism - All property is owned by the government, and wealth is shared. - Single party - Classless - Propaganda # Causes + Consequences ## Causes - Defeat of Germany - Ideology differences - Atomic bomb ## Consequences - More powerful nuclear weapons - Proxy wars (different sides representing bigger countries) - Iron Curtain & Berlin Wall # Yalta Conference ## Members - Franklin D. Roosevelt - Winston Churchill - Stalin - US: Wanted to help fight against Axis powers - UK: Wanted free elections in Europe after war - USSR: Wanted to keep territory and expand ## Agreements - Japan wanted to cease fire and join - War criminals - Nazi camps - Eastern Europe - Soviet sphere of influence - Germany - 4 zones - United Nations - all joined for peace - Elections - free elections in countries liberated from Germany ## Disagreements - Stalin wanted to take over more of Poland - Churchill couldn’t do anything because of the Red Army - Mozerelt just doesn't interfere with Greece # Potsdam Peace Conference ## Members - Truman - Attlee - Stalin - US: Peace in Europe and stop spread of communism - UK: Free elections in central & Eastern Europe after war - USSR: Wanted to remain powerful ## Agreements - Berlin - split into 4 zones - USSR receives 25% of industrial equipment - Nazi party - banned ## Disagreements - Germany: Stalin wanted to cripple but didn't want to repeat the Treaty of Versailles - Eastern Europe: Stalin wanted to control all of - EE for power: Truman had a "get tough" attitude # Truman Doctrine - Truman sends $400 million to Greece and Turkey. - Money, supplies, weapons, advice. - Jeddation \u2192 containment - Greece 1947: Civil war of government vs rebels - UK: Not enough money so tell the US - "If Greece communist, Turkey could also become communist": Domino effect # Berlin Blockade ## Causes - Deutschmark was the new currency for tri-zonia, splits Germany. - Prevents Western access. No supply of food to East Germany ## Facts - Cut off roads, rail, and canal links - Berlin airlifts: Delivered supplies of 2.3 million tons - Lasted 12 months ## Response - Warsaw Pact: Counter, NATO, collective defense of communist countries - GD2 : Opposition of the FRG - NATO: Collective defense; if one member attacked, all attack # Who to Blame? ## USSR - Broke Yalta agreements - Stalin was a dictator - Berlin Blockade to control more - Red army + co. communist government - Cominform, satellite states orders ## BUT - 2nd World War destroyed the USSR - US never liked communism anyway - Didn't tell about atomic bomb ## USA - United Berlin zones to single out the USSR - Didn't like the atomic bomb - Containment intended against the USSR - Marshall Plan to take over Europe ## BUT - Ignored post-war agreements, free elections - Interuded in other country affairs - Marshall Plan: Good intention - Containment: Was a reaction to expansion # Bomb ## Tensions - Truman wanted to show his power to prevent spread of communism - Stalin thought the US wanted to destroy communism, used Eastern Europe as a buffer zone # Stalin & Eastern Europe ## Why 1. Security - 20 million soviet citizens died 2. Spread of communism - EE countries economically unstable 3. More resources - communism + cominform 4. Power - wanted to beat the USA as a superpower ## How 1. Military - Red Army 2. Communist governments - anti-facist governments, gave local communists high positions 3. Elections - rigged, suppression of other parties