MIdterm_answers.pdf

Commercial software used to define, create, maintain, and provide controlled access to the database and the repository. Answer: Microsoft Access Which database usually answers the following question: What database and application development tools should be used? Answer: Department database Lang...

Commercial software used to define, create, maintain, and provide controlled access to the database and the repository. Answer: Microsoft Access Which database usually answers the following question: What database and application development tools should be used? Answer: Department database Languages, menus, and other facilities by which users interact with the various system components. Answer: User interface Persons who add, delete, and modify data in the database and who request information from it. Answer: End users Persons such as systems analysts and programmers who design new application programs. Answer: System developers Which database usually answers the following question: How can the group members use the database concurrently without compromising database integrity? Answer: Workgroup database Centralized storehouse of data definitions Answer: Repository Which database usually answers the following question: What physical security precautions can be taken to safeguard the data stored in this database? Answer : Personal database Which database usually answers the following question: Who is responsible for the accuracy of the data? Answer: Personal database Organized collection of logically related data. Answer: Database Which database usually answers the following question: What data are required by the user and how should the database be designed? Answer: Personal database Persons who are responsible for the overall information resources of an organization. Answer: Data administrators Computer programs that are used to create and maintain the database. Answer: Application programs Automated tools used to design databases and database applications Answer: SDLC Which database usually answers the following question: What commercial DBMS product should be used for the application? Answer: Personal database Which database usually answers the following question: If developed internally, should it be developed by an end user or by an IS professional? Answer: Personal database Which database usually answers the following question: How can adequate security be provided to protect against unauthorized disclosure or distribution of sensitive data? Answer: Enterprise database Specifies the number of instances of one entity that can (or must) be associated with each instance of another entity. Answer: Cardinality constraint The relationship between a weak entity type and its owner. Answer: Identifying relationship An attribute (or combination of attributes) that uniquely identifies individual instances of an entity type. Answer: Identifier A rule that cannot be violated by database users. Answer: constraint A meaningful association between (or among) entity types Answer: Relationship type An attribute that may take on more than one value for a given entity instance. Answer: Multivalued An entity type whose existence depends on some other entity type. Answer: Weak entity A collection of entities that share common properties or characteristics. Answer: Entity type A statement that defines or constrains some aspect of the business. Answer: Business rule A property or characteristic of an entity type that is of interest to the organization. Answer: Attribute A logical representation of the data for an organization or for a business area. Answer: Entity-relationship model A single occurrence of an entity type. Answer: Entity instance An attribute whose values can be calculated from related attribute values. Answer: Derived An entity type that associates the instances of one or more entity types and contains attributes that are peculiar to the relationship between those entity instances. Answer: Associative entity locates target subtype for an entity → subtype discriminator create, update, delete, or read → action creating subtypes for an entity type → specialization calculated using an algorithm → derived fact a group of associated entity types and relationships → entity cluster entity belongs to two subtypes → overlap rule business rule that influences an action → corresponding object subset of supertype → subtype static structure of organization → structural assertion generalized entity type → supertype rule on which actions are limited → anchor object subtype gets supertype attributes → attribute inheritance  Mandatory one – optional many Optional one Optional many Optional many Optional one Which database usually answers the following question: How can the database and its environment be designed for adequate performance? Answer: Department database Which database usually answers the following question: How can adequate security be provided to protect against unauthorized disclosure or distribution of sensitive data? Answer: Enterprise database Which database usually answers the following question: How should data in the personal database be synchronized with data in other databases? Answer: Personal database Persons who are responsible for the overall information resources of an organization. → Data administrators Persons such as systems analysts and programmers who design new application programs. → System developers Commercial software used to define, create, maintain, and provide controlled access to the database and the repository. → DBMS Centralized storehouse of data definitions. → Repository Persons who add, delete, and modify data in the database and who request information from it. → End users Which database usually answers the following question: What data rights (create, read, update, delete) should be assigned to the users of this database? Answer: Workgroup database Which database usually answers the following question: How can adequate security be provided to protect against unauthorized disclosure or distribution of sensitive data? Answer: Department database Which database usually answers the following question: Which data processing operations should be performed at a client workstation and which on the server? answer is: Workgroup database "a person is a customer of a store" answer is: structural assertion For the following pair of related entities, indicate (under typical circumstances) the cardinality relationship. SECTION and ROOM answer is: many-to-one For the following pair of related entities, indicate (under typical circumstances) the cardinality relationship. BOOK and BOOK COPY answer is: one-to-many For the following pair of related entities, indicate (under typical circumstances) the cardinality relationship. STUDENT and COURSE answer is: many-to-many Which database usually answers the following question: How should the database be distributed among the various locations? answer is: Enterprise database For the following pair of related entities, indicate (under typical circumstances) the cardinality relationship. INSTRUCTOR and COURSE answer is: many-to-many Which database usually answers the following question: If developed internally, should it be developed by an end user or by an IS professional? answer is: Personal database Which database usually answers the following question: Should the application be purchased or developed internally? answer is: Personal database Which database usually answers the following question: What actions must be taken in order to successfully integrate numerous systems, including legacy data from earlier systems that are desired for analysis? answer is: Enterprise database For the following pair of related entities, indicate (under typical circumstances) the cardinality relationship. COURSE and SECTION answer is: one-to-many Specifies that if an entity instance (of the supertype) is a member of one subtype, it cannot simultaneously be a member of two (or more) subtypes. answer is: Disjoint rule An attribute of the supertype whose values determine the target supertype or subtypes. answer is: Subtype discriminator Specifies that each entity instance of the supertype must be a member of some subtype in the relationship. answer is: Total specialization rule A generic entity type that has a relationship with one or more subtypes. answer is: Supertype A statement of a constraint or control on the actions of the organization. answer is: Action assertion The process of defining one or more subtypes of the supertype, and forming supertype/subtype relationships. answer is: Specialization Specifies that an entity instance can simultaneously be a member of two (or more) subtypes. answer is: overlap rule A statement that expresses some aspect of the static structure of the organization. answer is: Structural assertion A set of one or more entity types and associated relationships grouped into a single abstract entity type. answer is: Entity cluster A subgrouping of the entities in an entity type that is meaningful to the organization. answer is: Subtype The process of defining a generalized entity type from a set of more specialized entity types. answer is: Generalization A business rule (a fact) on which actions are limited. answer is: Anchor object A generic or template data model that can be reused as a starting point for a data modeling project. answer is: Universal data model