Plumbing Tools and Materials Reviewer PDF

IA REVIEWER PLUMBING - is any system that conveys fluids for a wide range of applications. Plumbing uses pipes, valves, fixtures, tanks, and other apparatuses to convey fluids. PLUMBING TOOLS BORING TOOLS - to enlarge or modify existing holes, primarily for i...

IA REVIEWER PLUMBING - is any system that conveys fluids for a wide range of applications. Plumbing uses pipes, valves, fixtures, tanks, and other apparatuses to convey fluids. PLUMBING TOOLS BORING TOOLS - to enlarge or modify existing holes, primarily for internal diameter machining, internal contour imitation, and hole enlargement. ​ Cold Chisel is a tool made from hexagon or octagon-shaped steel and commonly called cold chisel steel. ​ Electric drill is a power tool that rotates a replaceable drill bit to make a hole in wood, plastic, or metal. ​ Hand drill is a tool used with drills or bits found around the tang. CUTTING TOOLS - to remove material from a workpiece, shaping and forming it into a desired shape. ​ Cross-cut saw is a type of cutting tool used to cut the grain of the wood. ​ Hacksaw is a tool used for cutting metal, plastic, or pipe. ​ Pipe cutter is a tool used for cutting pipes and tubes. ​ Pipe reamer is a tool used for cleaning the inside portion of the pipe and tube to remove the burst and chips. ​ Pipe thread is a tool used for threading the pipe. A pipe thread is a tool used for threading the pipe. DRIVING TOOLS - to insert and remove screws and nails, primarily in woodworking and construction tasks. ​ Claw hammer is a tool used for pulling and driving nails from some other object. ​ Crowbar is a tool consisting of a metal bar with a single curved end and flattened points, often with a small fissure on one or both ends for removing nails. ​ Screwdriver is a tool used to insert and tighten, or to loosen and remove screw HOLDING TOOLS - essential in manufacturing for securely positioning and gripping workpieces during tasks like grinding, cutting, and machining. ​ Adjustable spanner/wrench - an adjustable angle head wrench is a tool that can be used to loosen and tighten a nut or bolt. ​ Basin wrench is a specialized tool that allows one to reach tight spots under the sink and basin. ​ Bench vise is a tool with a mechanical screw apparatus used for holding or clamping a work piece to allow work to be performed on it which uses an anchor. ​ Clamp is a tool used to grip and hold an object firmly, such as wood, paper, plastic, and some metals, for a short period. ​ Pipe wrench or Stillson wrench is an adjustable wrench used for turning soft iron pipe fittings with a rounded surface. MEASURING TOOLS - to quantify physical properties like length, weight, angle, and volume, providing numerical values for various applications. ​ Inside caliper is a tool used to measure the internal size of an object. ​ Outside caliper is a tool used to measure the external size of an object. ​ Steel square is a tool used by carpenters and other tradesmen. ​ Try square is a woodworking or a metalworking tool used for marking/measuring a piece of wood. ​ Pull push rule (tape measure) is a flexible tape measure which is available in lengths up to 50 feet. TESTING TOOLS - evaluate the functionality, performance, and security of other software systems. ​ Plumb bob or plummet is a tool used for testing and surveying to position a point on the ground that is not readily visible. ​ Carpenters’ square - a steel square used by carpenters, larger than a try square. Square hand tool consisting of two straight arms at right angles. PLUMBING MATERIALS PIPE - A pipe is a tubular section or hollow cylinder, usually but not necessarily of circular cross-section, used mainly to convey substances that can flow. Different types of Pipes ​ PVC PIPE - refers to Poly Vinyl Chloride Plastic material. This is the most common pipe for a plumbing system. ​ PE PIPE - refers to Polyethylene Plastic material intended for long-span water system installation. ​ CI PIPE - refers to Cast iron, a heavy metal made by casting into molds to make fixtures. ​ GI PIPE - is a galvanized iron pipe, which is better fitted for plumbing installation than a steel pipe. FITTINGS - are any pipe parts used to join two sections of pipes. ​ Adapter - An adapter is generally a fitting that interfaces two dissimilar parts. ​ Elbow- is installed between two lengths of pipe (or tubing) to allow a change of direction, usually a 90° or 45° angle; 22.5° elbows are also available. ​ Coupling- connects two pipes. If their sizes differ, the fitting is known as a reducing coupling, reducer, or adapter. ​ Union -connects two pipes, quite different from a coupling, as it allows future disconnection of the pipes for maintenance. ​ Nipple - is a short stub of pipe, usually male-threaded steel, brass, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC), or copper (occasionally unthreaded copper), which connects two other fittings. A nipple with continuous uninterrupted threading is known as a close nipple. ​ Reducer - reduces the pipe size from a larger to a smaller bore (inner diameter).  ​ Tee -is the most common pipe fitting, which is used to combine or divide fluid flow ​ Crosses - also known as four-way fittings or cross branch lines, have one inlet and three outlets (or vice versa), and often have solvent-welded socket or female-threaded ends. ​ Caps are usually liquid- or gas-tight, cover the otherwise open end of a pipe. ​ Barb - (or hose barb) connects flexible hose or tubing to pipes, typically has a male-threaded end which mates with female threads. ​ Valves - stop (or regulate) the flow of liquids or gases. PLUMBING FIXTURE - is an exchangeable device that can be connected to an existing plumbing system to deliver and drain away water, but which is also configured to enable a particular use. TRAP - is a U-shaped portion of pipe designed to trap liquid or gas to prevent unwanted flow; most notably, sewer gases from entering buildings while allowing waste materials to pass through. VENT PIPE - a pipe above a waste pipe or soil pipe that allows gas to escape from the system. Maintenance of Tools and Equipment Liquid lubricants are known as lanolin natural water repellent lanolin which is derived from wool grease and is a safe alternative to the more common petrochemical-based lubricants. DRAWING SYMBOLS ​ Symbol - something that represents an abstraction with the names of plumbing components. ​ Pictorial Diagram – showing the basic form or layout of pictures of the actual component. ​ Schematic Diagram – showing the basic form or layout of plumbing symbols. TILE SETTING TOOLS USED IN TILE SETTING ​ Common Float - A wooden float used in spreading and leveling fresh concrete. ​ Grout float - This is a rubber-backed, rectangular trowel for spreading the grout. It resembles the common float. ​ Finishing Trowel - It looks like a common float but is made of flat steel. ​ Pointed Trowel - The most extensively used trowel in the tile setting industry. Mainly used in straightening tiles, filling, and placing mortar in small spaces. The end of the handle may be used to tap tiles into place that have shifted. ​ Notched and Margin Trowels - Notched tools are used in spreading concrete and at the same time create a wavy surface to enable the underneath part of the tile to easily stick on the Concrete.  ​ Tile Spacer - Spacers are used to keep each tile an equal distance apart during tile installation. Spacers make it possible to keep straight grout lines and square tiles together as the adhesive dries. ​ Plumb and level - Used to check the vertical as well as horizontal alignment of structures to be tiled. ​ Spacer Puller - Remove spacers after tiles have been placed but before they fully adhere. ​ Mallet - A mallet is a kind of hammer, usually of rubber, or sometimes wood, with a large head used to drive a beating block. ​ Caulking gun - Purposely intended for applying caulk. Tile Cutters and Nippers ​ Wet tile saw - Used to cut tiles quickly. It has a glass cutting blade and is equipped with a water dispensing mechanism that serves as a cooler. ​ Utility knife - Utility knives are multi-purpose cutting tools used in various trades and crafts. These tools are needed to mark cut lines, trim plastic or wood materials, or to cut tape, cord, cardboard, or other materials ​ Beating block - Used to set the tile in place, which is driven by a rubber mallet. The idea here is not to hammer the tile but just to firmly seat the tile into the setting bed. ​ Tile Edge Smoothing Stone - Used specifically to smooth the rough edges of tile, especially after it is cut. ​ Water bucket with sponge - Used to clean left out dirt or excesses during the tiling process. MATERIALS IN TILE SETTING Ceramic Tile - Ceramic tile is a less expensive material used in tile setting. -​ 1.1. Glazed Tiles have with smooth, shiny surface -​ 1.2. Unglazed tiles are usually not shiny and have with porous surface Vinyl Tile - Vinyl tile is a flooring material that is generally inexpensive, easy to install, and easy to maintain. It is made from polyvinyl chloride resins and plasticizers. These flooring tiles are waterproof and very durable. Quarry Tile - The tile that comes from quarries. Quarry tile has a rough surface, so it is perfect for flooring because it provides a good grip. But the quarry tile is not good for kitchen countertops because it is very porous. Granite Stone - Granite tile is popular in the kitchen design tiling. It is attractive, but unlike quarry tile, it is porous, so it must be sealed and polished regularly Thin-Set Tile Mortar - Thin-set tile mortar is suitable for floors and outdoor tiles. A thin layer of adhesive is spread onto a surface where tile is laid. Brick Mortar - Brick mortar is coarser than thin set. It has larger gauge sand and even small pebbles, ideal for mortaring brick walls and walkways. Epoxy Thin Set Mortar - A resin-based mortar that comes in three separate components: resin, hardener, and powder. It sets quickly and very strongly. Various brands are available in the market. Caulk - It includes silicone, polyurethane, polysulfide, and acrylic sealant. It is mostly done with ready-mixed construction chemicals and is called caulk. Protective Membranes - Ceramic tile membranes are used to protect ceramic tile installations from external stresses. Glass Tile - There are two varieties of glass tile, both of which differ when it comes to time to install: mounted and unmounted glass tiles. -​ Mounted Glass Tile - Glass tiles that are usually pre-mounted on mesh backing. These tiles are about 3/4" squares, but other sizes are also available. -​ Unmounted Glass Tile - Tiles that are stained glass, usually without mesh backing. This type of file takes a long time to install.