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# Respiration in Other Animals Gaseous exchange occurs in different animals in a variety of ways. - **Through skin or cell membrane:** Amphibians such as frog, salamander, and newts use their skin as a respiratory organ when in water and respire through lungs when on land. Gaseous exchange in eart...

# Respiration in Other Animals Gaseous exchange occurs in different animals in a variety of ways. - **Through skin or cell membrane:** Amphibians such as frog, salamander, and newts use their skin as a respiratory organ when in water and respire through lungs when on land. Gaseous exchange in earthworms and leeches occurs through the moist and slimy surface of their skin. - **In unicellular organisms such as amoeba, exchange of gases occurs through their cell surface.** ## Respiration Through Air - Cockroaches have openings called **spiracles** on their bodies. These openings are connected to tubes called **tracheae**. The tracheae branch into smaller tubes called **tracheoles** that reach every cell in the body. - **Through lungs:** Horse, birds, monkeys, etc. respire through lungs. They breathe through the nose and use their lungs to become the exchange surface. ## Respiration Through Gills - Most aquatic animals such as fish breathe through special organs called **gills**. The gills in fishes increase the surface area for exchange of gases. - Gills have many **filaments** and are supplied with thin **capillaries**. Water enters through the mouth of the fish and flows over the gills. Blood pressure in the capillaries of the gills absorbs oxygen and gives out carbon dioxide. ## Respiration in Plants - Similar to other organisms, plants take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide. - Gaseous exchange in plants occurs through **stomata**, which are small pores found on the stem and leaves of plants. **Guard cells** regulate the opening and closing of stomata for exchange of gases. Contraction of guard cells results in the closing of the stomata.