Psychology 101 Exam Study Guide Spring 2025 PDF

Psychology 101:01 Spring 2025 Final Exam Study Guide - New Material (Complete) This is intended to be a guide only. Social Psychology 1. What are normative and informational social influence? 2. What was Asch’s study of conformity? What type of...

Psychology 101:01 Spring 2025 Final Exam Study Guide - New Material (Complete) This is intended to be a guide only. Social Psychology 1. What are normative and informational social influence? 2. What was Asch’s study of conformity? What type of social influence did it demonstrate? 3. What was Milgram’s study of obedience? About what proportion of participants continued “shocking” the “learner” after he stopped responding? 4. What is social loafing? 5. What is deindividuation? 6. What is group polarization? 7. What is groupthink? 8. What are prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination? 9. What are explicit and implicit prejudice? a. What is the Implicit Association Test? 10. What is the just-world phenomenon? How does it explain prejudice? 11. What is realistic conflict theory? How does it explain prejudice? a. What was Sherif’s Robber’s Cave experiment? 12. How does social identity theory explain prejudice? a. What is in-group bias? b. What are minimal groups? What was the minimal group experiment (Tajfel, 1971)? 13. How does categorization explain stereotyping? 14. How does the confirmation bias explain stereotyping? 15. What is the contact hypothesis? Is it supported? 16. What is cooperative interdependence? a. How did Sherif reduce prejudice in the Robber’s Cave study? b. What is a jigsaw classroom? 17. What is the drive theory of aggression? a. What is catharsis? Does it reduce aggression? 18. What is the frustration-aggression hypothesis? 19. How do similarity and proximity predict liking? 20. What is the mere exposure effect? How has this been demonstrated in studies (e.g., students shown pictures of faces)? 21. What is the bystander effect? Why does this occur? a. Diffusion of responsibility b. Pluralistic ignorance c. Evaluation apprehension Personality 22. What is the psychoanalytic perspective of personality? What 2 factors did Freud emphasize in the development of personality? 23. What is the unconscious? 24. What are the id, ego, and superego? 25. What are Freud’s first 3 psychosexual stages?  a. Oral b. Anal i. What are oral and anal fixations? c. Phallic i. What is the Oedipus complex? 26. What are Freud’s defense mechanisms? a. Repression b. Projection c. Rationalization d. Displacement e. Denial 27. What is psychological determinism? What are Freudian slips? 28. What are projective tests? a. What is the Rorschach? 29. What is the humanistic perspective of personality? a. What are Rogers’s concepts of empathy and unconditional positive regard? 30. What are the Big Five traits? Psychological Disorders 31. What is the DSM? 32. What is labeling theory? What was Rosenhan’s study? 33. What are anxiety disorders? a. What is generalized anxiety disorder? b. What is panic disorder? What are panic attacks? c. What are phobias? d. What is social anxiety disorder? 34. What is obsessive-compulsive disorder? What are obsessions and compulsions? 35. What is major depressive disorder? 36. What is bipolar disorder? a. What is mania? 37. What is schizophrenia? a. What does it mean to have psychotic symptoms? b. What are delusions and hallucinations? c. What is disorganized speech? i. What is word salad? d. What are catatonic symptoms? a. What are positive and negative symptoms? 38. What is dissociative identity disorder? 39. What are personality disorders? a. What is borderline personality disorder? b. What is narcissistic personality disorder? Therapy 40. What is psychoanalytic therapy? a. What is dream interpretation? b. What is free association? 41. What is humanistic therapy? What are important qualities of Rogers’s person-centered therapy (e.g., unconditional positive regard)?  42. What is behavioral therapy? a. What are classical conditioning and operant conditioning methods? i. What is exposure therapy? ii. What is flooding? iii. What is systematic desensitization? iv. What is a token economy? 43. What is cognitive therapy? 44. What is cognitive-behavioral therapy? 45. Is psychotherapy effective? 46. What drugs are used to treat schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorder? 47. What is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)? Stress and Coping 48. What is the life change approach to measuring stress? Is life change associated with health? 49. What is the daily hassles approach to measuring stress? Are daily hassles associated with health? 50. What is perceived stress? Is it associated with health? 51. What is Cannon’s fight-or-flight mechanism? 52. What is Selye’s general adaptation syndrome? What are the 3 stages? 53. What is the tend-and-befriend hypothesis? 54. What are the indirect and direct effect models of stress and illness? 55. What are Type A and Type B behavior patterns? What is the toxic component of Type A? 56. What are problem-focused and emotion-focused coping? 57. How is control related to health? What was Rodin and Langer’s (1976) “plant” study? a. What is perceived control? 58. How is optimism related to health? What are unrealistic optimism and defensive pessimism? 59. What is the relation between social support and health? What are the potential mechanisms explaining this relation? 60. What is expressive writing? How is it related to health? 61. How are exercise, mindfulness, religiosity, gratitude, and acts of kindness related to stress and health?