Exam 2 Practice PDF

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wgaarder2005

Uploaded by wgaarder2005

Lakeland Community College

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pharmacology drug distribution pharmacokinetics medicine

Summary

This document contains practice questions on various aspects of pharmacology, including drug distribution, protein binding, loading and maintenance doses, and other related concepts. The questions cover topics aimed at undergraduate-level understanding.

Full Transcript

**Phase of Drug Distribution** 1. What primarily influences the phase of drug distribution?\ A) Drug metabolism\ **B) Blood flow to tissues**\ C) Drug elimination\ D) Drug formulation **Drug Protein Binding** 2. Drug protein binding affects distribution by:\ A) Increasing dr...

**Phase of Drug Distribution** 1. What primarily influences the phase of drug distribution?\ A) Drug metabolism\ **B) Blood flow to tissues**\ C) Drug elimination\ D) Drug formulation **Drug Protein Binding** 2. Drug protein binding affects distribution by:\ A) Increasing drug solubility\ **B) Reducing the amount of free drug available**\ C) Enhancing drug efficacy\ D) Accelerating drug metabolism **Loading vs. Maintenance Doses** 3. A loading dose is typically used to:\ A) Maintain therapeutic levels over time\ **B) Achieve therapeutic levels quickly**\ C) Reduce side effects\ D) Increase drug metabolism 4. What is the primary purpose of a maintenance dose in pharmacotherapy?**\ **A) To achieve the desired therapeutic effect quickly\ **B) To maintain drug concentrations within the therapeutic range**\ C) To eliminate the drug from the body faster\ D) To assess the drug\'s side effects over time **Plasma Drug Level** 5. The plasma drug level refers to:\ A) The amount of drug absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract\ **B) The concentration of drug in the bloodstream**\ C) The total dosage administered\ D) The rate of drug excretion **Time Course of Drug Response** 6. The time course of a drug response is influenced by:\ A) Drug binding affinity\ B) Dosage frequency\ C) Drug metabolism rate\ **D) All of the above** **Pharmacodynamics** 7. Pharmacodynamics primarily studies:\ **A) The effects of drugs on the body**\ B) The absorption of drugs\ C) The distribution of drugs\ D) The elimination of drugs **Efficacy** 8. Efficacy refers to:\ A) The safety of a drug\ **B) The maximum effect achievable by a drug\ **C) The speed of drug action\ D) The concentration of drug required to produce a response **Drug Dose-Response Relationship** 9. The drug dose-response relationship describes:\ A) How quickly a drug is eliminated\ **B) The relationship between drug dose and its therapeutic effect\ **C) The absorption rate of a drug\ D) The side effects of a drug **Agonist vs. Antagonist** 10. An agonist is defined as:\ A) A drug that blocks receptor activity\ **B) A drug that enhances receptor activity**\ C) A drug that has no effect on receptors\ D) A drug that causes side effects **Drug Affinity and Receptors** 11. The affinity of a drug for its receptor indicates:\ A) How quickly the drug is metabolized\ **B) The strength of the binding interaction**\ C) The drug\'s side effects\ D) The drug\'s therapeutic index **Therapeutic Index** 12. The therapeutic index is:\ **A) The ratio of toxic to therapeutic doses**\ B) A measure of drug metabolism\ C) The amount of drug required for efficacy\ D) A measure of drug distribution **Drug Metabolism in the Liver** 13. The primary site of drug metabolism in the body is:\ A) Kidneys\ B) Lungs\ **C) Liver**\ D) Intestines **Therapeutic Outcome of Drug Metabolism** 14. Effective drug metabolism generally results in:\ A) Increased toxicity\ B) Decreased bioavailability\ C) Enhanced drug efficacy\ **D) Increased drug excretion** **Factors Influencing Drug Metabolism** 15. Which of the following can influence drug metabolism?\ A) Age\ B) Genetic factors\ C) Drug interactions\ **D) All of the above** **Drug Excretion Concepts** 16. Drug excretion primarily occurs through:\ A) Sweat glands\ **B) Urine and bile\ **C) Breath\ D) Saliva **Peak and Trough Concentration** 17. Peak concentration refers to:\ A) The lowest concentration of drug in the bloodstream\ **B) The highest concentration of drug in the bloodstream**\ C) The average concentration of drug over time\ D) The concentration of drug at the site of action **Pharmacokinetic Changes in Older Adults** 18. In older adults, pharmacokinetic changes may include:\ A) Increased absorption rates\ **B) Decreased hepatic metabolism**\ C) Enhanced renal function\ D) None of the above **Adverse Drug Reactions in Older Adults** 19. Common causes of adverse drug reactions in older adults include:\ A) Polypharmacy\ B) Dehydration\ C) Age-related physiological changes\ **D) All of the above** **Beers List Purpose** 20. The Beers List is designed to:\ A) Identify effective medications for older adults\ **B) List potentially inappropriate medications for older adults**\ C) Provide guidelines for drug interactions\ D) Outline the pharmacokinetics of drugs **Non-Adherence Factors in Older Adults** 21. Factors contributing to non-adherence in older adults may include:\ A) Complex dosing regimens\ B) Cognitive impairment\ C) Financial constraints\ **D) All of the above** **Promoting Adherence in Older Adults** 22. Measures to promote adherence with drug treatment plans in older adults include: A) Simplifying dosing schedules\ B) Educating about medication benefits\ C) Regular follow-ups\ **D) All of the above** **Drug Antagonist:** 23. Which statement accurately describes the action of a drug antagonist?

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