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## Respiration in Organisms ### Warm Up! Have you noticed that you breathe much faster after running or cycling fast? You might also be feeling thirsty and hungry after running. Your body needs more energy to run, which is supplied through the breakdown of food in your body. Your body requires oxy...

## Respiration in Organisms ### Warm Up! Have you noticed that you breathe much faster after running or cycling fast? You might also be feeling thirsty and hungry after running. Your body needs more energy to run, which is supplied through the breakdown of food in your body. Your body requires oxygen to break down food, which we take in when we breathe. Food is broken down during the process of respiration. Let us understand the difference between respiration and breathing. ### Respiration Breathing is a part of respiration. Breathing is the physical process of intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide through inhalation and exhalation. Respiration is the chemical process of the release of energy from food substances in all living cells. We need a continuous supply of energy for various life processes. We get this energy through respiration. Oxygen required by the cells for breakdown of food and release of energy, is provided by inhalation of oxygen-rich air. The nutrients present in digested food react with oxygen to release energy. This reaction of food with oxygen is called oxidation. ### Types of Respiration There are two types of respiration: aerobic and anaerobic. | Oxygen | Glucose breakdown | Products | Carbon dioxide and water | | --- | --- | --- | --- | In a cell, food in the form of glucose with oxygen and is broken down into carbon dioxide to release energy. This breakdown of food in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration. The word equation for aerobic respiration is: $glucose + oxygen \longrightarrow carbon \ dioxide + water + energy$ This can be expressed through formulas: $C_6 H_{12} O_6 + 6O_2 \longrightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O$ Unlike aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration does not need the absence of oxygen, food is broken down into carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol. There are some organisms such as yeast, which deficiency of oxygen in muscle cells, will lead to anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration is necessary for activities such as running for hours or exercises, energy is produced by aerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration will break down glucose, lactic acid is produced and energy from glucose quickly. $glucose \longrightarrow CO_2 + H_2O$