Climate Change and Ecological Footprint PDF

Climate change/Ecological footprint 1.​ Climate change is the long-term effect of an area. What is causing it: the burning of fossil fuels which admit GHGs. Another way that climate change is made is when the sun's rays hit the earth which creates heat, but is then trapped inside the a...

Climate change/Ecological footprint 1.​ Climate change is the long-term effect of an area. What is causing it: the burning of fossil fuels which admit GHGs. Another way that climate change is made is when the sun's rays hit the earth which creates heat, but is then trapped inside the atmosphere which increases the earth's temperature. 2.​ Evidence: glaciers have melted 10 times the amount in the past years, there have been more floods and hurricanes with more power over the last 10 years. 3.​ A website that contains,.gov or.gc is a reliable source. Unreliable is on radio, blogs, or Wikipedia. 4.​ The friend was wrong because improving the economy and stopping climate change are not mutually exclusive; they are deeply interconnected. He is wrong because you could put a carbon tax on the products the people buy. The carbon tax will tax people that want to buy polluters, as well as paying the government at the same time. 5.​ An ecological footprint is the amount of impact they have on the environment, we can reduce it by walking to school instead of driving, by local produce, etc…. Food-Transportation-Shelter-Goods 6.​ Canada's ecological footprint is the third largest in the world, the high level of burning fossil fuels released every two years. 7.​ Sustainable development is meeting the needs of today without compromising the needs of tomorrow Forestry 8.​ Let's just say that you decide to walk instead of drive to not use gas. You're not putting GHG into the air and you're also saving money by not spending a ton on gas. 9.​ The best method for harvesting trees is probably selective cutting because they pick out certain trees and leave other trees to spread and plant others. Energy and mining 10.​A mixture of oil, sand and other materials. It is found in Alberta and they are also known as bitumen. 11.​The oil is extracted through open-pit mining. It has a higher impact on the environment because it destroys a huge chunk of land. After the pit is dug, they go through the dug up sand with heavy machinery to then gather the sand and then burn it creating mass amounts of GHGs. -It can also be strip mining 12.​The benefits of oil sands include 1.7 trillion dollars in profit, high-paying jobs, and new jobs.….. The negative aspects of the oil sands include breaking 20,00 treaties, causing cancer, causing mass amounts of pollution, infecting water, etc…. 13.​The First Nations are concerned about the mining in Alberta because they don't want the mining to go past treaties 6, 8, and 10. If it spills through these treaties, it can destroy their hunting and living grounds. 14.​Non-metallic is a mineral that doesn't change its form when melted, it's also found in sedimentary rock. Some examples are sand and gravel.  Metallic mineral is a mineral that yields a metal when melted. It is most commonly found in igneous and metamorphic rock. Examples are lead, silver and zinc 15.​ Strip mining, underground mining, and open-pit mining. Strip mining: Used to extract minerals like sand and gravel which is very cheap way of miningEx:Oil sands Open-pit Mining: It's used for minerals close to the surface. Ex: Iron Ores Underground Mining:It can mine very far into the earth used to mine potash. Ex: Potash 16.​Glaciers melt and move minerals like diamonds making it hard for miners to locate them. Also floods and large bodies of water cover diamonds making it hard for them to reach. 17.​A renewable resource is a resource that can be recovered in a human lifetime, less than 70 years. An example of this would be a forest or trees (wind also because you can transfer that into energy, so that would be called wind energy) 18.​Primary Job: A job that starts with the main manufacturing product which then leads into other businesses. Ex: Mining Secondary Job: A job that produces the product and then ships it to other smaller businesses. Ex: Stone polisher Tertiary Job: A job that then sells a product that was given to them by the secondary job. Ex: Jewelry 19.​A non-renewable resource is a resource that can not be replaced in a human lifetime which is more than 70-75 years. An example of this would be oil or fossil fuels. 20.​-Summarized Microfit: In 2009 Ontario made a small program that would encourage people across Niagara to use solar panels and wind turbines. They allowed people to use the energy of free will, and the excess energy would be put into a grid. They would also lower the cost per watt, on people who had energy-efficient systems. Since a lot of people helped, they improved their environment and created 31,000 new jobs. Advantages: Gives plenty of jobs, low costs per watt, excess energy at free will, and you can access your energy through wind and solar power. Disadvantages: Solar panels require plenty of space, the sun isn't out all of the time. -The Niagara Tunnel Summarized: a clean renewable energy project, has been completed at Sir Adam Beck Complex, marking a significant milestone in Ontario's commitment to clean energy. The tunnel, which was completed 9 months ahead of schedule, is expected to generate 1.6 million megawatts/hour of power annually, meeting the energy needs of a city with a 400,000 population. Advantages:planning to create lots of clean power for the future, this tunnel is helping to create a bright and sustainable future for us Disadvantages:Since the 20th century, the effect on Niagara Falls has been increasing. ⅔ of natural flow in the Niagara falls is being diverted towards the tunnel affecting the Niagra falls look. And many citizens are not happy about it.  Advantages: Produces energy, that's it. Disadvantages: Kills hundreds of people, number one canada polluter, pollutes air and land. Isn’t good for the environment Fisheries and water 21.​4 reasons why cod collapsed: Sonar, Large shipping vessels, dangerous fishing practices (drag netting), and Overfishing. 22.​The West Coast fishery is hard to manage due to: overfishing, diseases in fish, and algae, and because of wood cutting (clearcut) which removes coverage for salmon eggs and this area starts to provide less oxygen. The way that they protected the salmon was from these fish cannons which went past the hydroelectric dams which was a challenge for the salmon. 23.​Longlining: Fishers use metal tough lines on boats which hold bait, fish then bite the line dragging the fish with the boat. This is a problem because it creates a high mortality rate for birds. Drag Netting: Fishers use boats and then drop a heavy net which drags along the sea floor capturing any fish at the bottom. This is a problem because it destroys the floor by dragging a giant net destroying habitats. 24.​Fishing is considered dangerous because there is a high chance of people falling overboard, vessels crashing, dangerous machinery, and the risk of bad weather. 25.​The threats to the Great Lake fishery are Invasive species, fertilizer from farmers, alterations to shores like cottages or marinas, and Industrial pollution. 26.​ Water starts in the ocean, then is evaporated, then turned into condensation, then water storage in the atmosphere (Clouds), precipitation, which then goes to surface runoff or, groundwater infiltration, groundwater discharge (which then turns into 2 things) 1: groundwater storage. 2: fresh water storage. 27.​In Canada, there are 5 main watersheds. The 5 of them are the Pacific Ocean, Arctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, and Hudson Bay watersheds. We are in the Atlantic Watershed.  28.​Fresh water is considered a rare resource because most of the freshwater is in ice, or glaciers that most people don't have access to, there is also only 3% of freshwater marked. The rest is 97% salt water. 29.​ 2 ways to reduce the water bill is by: -Taking less time in showers -Have a toilet that reduces litres per flush Waste 30.​The top is most important, bottom is least important for a household. Source reduction Reuse Recycling Treatment Disposal 31.​mindful purchasing, using reusable items, going digital to reduce paper waste, streamlining production processes, and repairing items instead of discarding them Industry 32.​Resources associated with the following: BC: Forestry, Salmon, and Coal AB: Oil, Beef, and Wheat SK: Potash, Wheat, and Natural Gas ON: Fruits and Vegetables, Minerals, and Nuclear Electricity QC: Hydroelectricity, Dairy, and Maple syrup PEI: Lobster and Potatoes NU: Seal Pelts and tourism YK: Gold 33.​Our top 2 trading partners are: USA and China We trade with them because they are a developed country. 34.​Canada does not trade with South America because South America already has most products that we usually export to other countries, for example, we export lumber, but South America already has mass supplies of lumber which proves that they don't need it. Canada doesn't trade with Africa because they need a better overall economic state, which means they don't have products to offer or trade to other places. 35.​A tariff is a tax put on imports from other countries. The people who settle disputes in trade are the WTO, also known as the World Trade Organization. 36.​Canada's main exports are: Crude Petroleum, Cars, natural gas, Refined petroleum, and Gold Canada's main imports are Cars, Refined petroleum, Motor vehicles, delivery trucks, and Crude petroleum. 37.​Example of the following: Primary job: Lumber Jack Secondary job: Woodcutters Tertiary job: Home Depot  200 years ago the main type of job was probably Primary, and now it is tertiary The more common jobs 200 years ago were probably miners and farmers due to most jobs not really being relevant. Now a days tertiary is more common due to having more schools, hospitals, retail stores, and just groceries. Ecological footprint Food Production Accounts for 83% of Carbon Emissions Each Year Paper Production Contributes to Carbon Emissions