ANAT 121 Lecture 2 PDF

ANATOMY 121 | GROSS ANATOMY BASIC MOVEMENT TOPOGRAPHIC TERM | LECTURE 2 Flexion: The movement of one bone in relation to another in such a man...

ANATOMY 121 | GROSS ANATOMY BASIC MOVEMENT TOPOGRAPHIC TERM | LECTURE 2 Flexion: The movement of one bone in relation to another in such a manner that the angles PLANE formed at their joint is reduced. a surface, real or imaginary, along which any 2 Extension: The movement of one bone upon points can be connected by a straight line another in such that the angle formed at their a) Medial Plane- divides the head, body or limb joint increases longitudinally into equal R and L halves OTHER MOVEMENT b) Sagittal Plane- passes through the head, body or Abduction: The movement of a part away from limb parallel to the median plane the median plane c) Transverse Plane- cuts across the head, body or Adduction: The movement toward the median limb at a right angle to its long axis of an organ or plane a part Circumduction: the movement of a part when d) Dorsal Plane- runs at right angles to the median outlining a cone & transverse plane & thus divides the body or Rotation: the movement of a part around its head into dorsal and ventral portions long axis DIRECTIONAL TERM CONT. Dorsiflexion: Decreasing the angle of the ankle Proximal: nearer to attachment of limb to trunk, joint nearer to origin Plantarflexion: Increasing the angle of the ankle Distal: farther away from attachment of limb to joint trunk, farther away from origin Elevation: Moving a body part in a superior Superficial: toward or on surface of body direction Deep: away from surface of body Depression: Moving a body part in a inferior Dorsal: toward or relatively near the back & direction corresponding surface of the head, neck & tail; Eversion: Rotating the ankle so that the sole of on the limbs it applies to the upper or front the foot points away from each other surface of the carpus, tarsus, metap0dium and Inversion: Rotating the ankle so that the sole of digits the foot points towards each other Ventral: toward or relatively near the belly & the Supination: Rotation of the appendage so that corresponding surface of the neck & tail the palmar or plantar surface of the paw faces Medial: toward or relatively near the median medially or dorsally plane Pronation: Rotation of the appendage so that Lateral: away from or relatively farther from the the palmar or plantar surface of the paw faces median plane ventrally Cranial: toward or relatively near the head Lateral Rotation: Rotating a limb away from the Caudal: toward or relatively near the tail centre line (median line) of the body Rostral: toward or relatively near then nose Medial Rotation: Rotating a limb towards the (applies to the head only centre line (median line) of the body Retraction: Posterior movement (towards the back of the body) of the arm at the shoulder Protraction: Anterior movement (towards the back of the body) of the arm at the shoulder