الجديدLecture03.pdf

Human-Computer Interaction CSCE 242 lecture 3 Conceptualizing Interaction Design Instructor : Dr. Rejab Hajlaoui Department of Information and Computer Science 2024-2025  Conceptualizing design Conceptualize what the propo...

Human-Computer Interaction CSCE 242 lecture 3 Conceptualizing Interaction Design Instructor : Dr. Rejab Hajlaoui Department of Information and Computer Science 2024-2025  Conceptualizing design Conceptualize what the proposed product will do Why the need to conceptualizing design? To clarify vague ideas and assumptions about the benefits of the proposed product. How realistic is it to develop? How desirable and useful is it??  Assumptions and claims Write down your assumptions and claims when coming up with a new design Try to defend them and support them with what they have to offer Those that are difficult to express ✓ Vague or unrealistic thoughts can be highlighted ✓ Identify human activities and interactions that cause problems Work iteratively on how to improve design ideas  What is an assumption? Design assumptions are the hypotheses that you make about your users, their needs, and your solution. They guide your design decisions and help you communicate your vision to stakeholders. However, design assumptions can also be risky if they are not validated with evidence. For example, a product team may assume that users want to complete a task as quickly as possible, but in reality, they may prioritize accuracy over speed  What is a claim? A claim is stating something to be true when it is still open to question In court, you could claim you deserve money from an employer who cheated you ▪ For example, “It is safe to use GPS and talk while driving.”  Activity: How will allowing robot servers to talk to customers improve their experience? On a blank paper, each student tries to write assumptions (bebefits and risks) Allowed time: 10 minutes  What is the problem being addressed? The benefits: ▪ The robot could take orders and entertain customers by having a conversation with them ▪ The robot could make recommendations for different customers, such as restless children or fussy eaters But just assumptions Risks: “It is difficult for a robot to provide the level of customer service we are accustomed to.”.”  Working through assumptions There are many unknowns to consider in the early stages of a design project. ✓Where do your ideas come from? ✓What sources of inspiration were used? ✓Is there any theory or research that could be used to shed light on them? At the beginning of the ideation process ✓Ask questions, reconsider your assumptions, and voice your concerns  A framework for analyzing the problem space Are there any problems with an existing product or user experience? If yes, what are they? Why do you think there are problems? How do you think your proposed design ideas might overcome these? If you are designing for a new user experience, how do you think your proposed design ideas support, change, or extend current ways of doing things?  Activity: What were the assumptions and claims made about watching 3D TV? On a blank paper, each student tries to write assumptions Allowed time: 10 minutes  Assumptions and claims: how realistic? There was no existing problem to overcome ▪ What was being proposed was a new way of experiencing TV An assumption: ▪ People would really enjoy the enhanced clarity and color detail provided by 3D A claim: ▪ People would not mind paying a lot more for a new 3D- enabled TV screen. From problem space to design space Having a good understanding of the problem space can lead to good design space ▪ For example, what kind of interface, behavior, functionality to provide Before deciding upon these, it is important to develop a conceptual model  Interface metaphors Interface designed to be similar to a physical entity but also has own properties Exploit user’s familiar knowledge, helping them to understand ‘the unfamiliar’ Can be based on activity, object, or a combination of both *For example, desktop metaphor, and web portals Examples of interface metaphors Conceptualizing what users are doing ▪ For instance, surfing the Web A conceptual model instantiated at the interface ▪ For example, the desktop metaphor Visualizing an operation ▪ For instance, an icon of a shopping cart into which the user places items Benefits of interface metaphors a. Makes learning new systems easier b. Helps users understand the underlying conceptual model c. Can enable the computers and their applications more accessible to a greater diversity of users Problems with interface metaphors Break conventional and cultural rules ▪ For instance, a recycle bin placed on desktop Can constrain designers in the way that they conceptualize a problem space Forces users to understand only the system in terms of the metaphor Designers can inadvertently use bad existing designs. Limits designers’ imagination in coming up with new conceptual models  Activity: Describe the components of the conceptual model below underlying most online shopping websites ▪ Shopping cart ▪ Proceeding to check-out ▪ Gift wrapping ▪ Cash register On a blank paper, each student tries to write assumptions Allowed time: 10 minutes  Interaction types 1. Instructing – Issuing commands and selecting options Where users instruct a system and tell it what to do ▪ For example: Tell the time, print a file, or save a file 1. Conversing – Interacting with a system by conversation 2. Manipulating – Interacting with objects by manipulating them 3. Exploring – Moving through a virtual environment or a physical space 4. Responding The system initiates the interaction, and the user chooses whether to respond Interaction types  Example of Instructing Where users instruct a system and tell it what to do ▪ For example: Tell the time, print a file, or save a file Which is easiest and why? Example of Exploring data in VR  Choosing an interaction type Direct manipulation is good for ‘doing’ types of tasks, for example, designing, drawing, flying, driving, or sizing windows Issuing instructions is good for repetitive tasks, for example, spell-checking and file management Having a conversation is good for certain services, for instance, finding information or requesting music Hybrid conceptual models are good for supporting multiple ways of carrying out the same actions  Difference between interaction types and interface styles Interaction type: A description of what the user is doing when interacting with a system, for example, instructing, talking, browsing, or responding Interface style: The kind of interface used to support the interaction, for instance, command, menu-based, gesture, or voice Many kinds of interface styles available Command Web Speech Pen Data-entry Augmented reality Form fill-in Gesture Query Graphical  Summary Developing a conceptual model involves: ▪ Understanding the problem space ▪ Being clear about your assumptions and claims ▪ Specifying how the proposed design will support users A conceptual model is a high-level description of a product in terms of: ▪ What users can do with it and the concepts they need to understand how to interact with it Interaction types provide a way of thinking about how to support user’s activities Paradigms, visions, theories, models, and frameworks ▪ Provide ways of framing design and research