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# Milestones in the History of Mathematics ## 18th Century The most important mathematician of the 18th Century was Leonhard Euler who, in addition to work in a wide range of mathematical areas, started the Graph Theory, the Calculus of Variations and Differential Geometry. ## 19th Century Carl...

# Milestones in the History of Mathematics ## 18th Century The most important mathematician of the 18th Century was Leonhard Euler who, in addition to work in a wide range of mathematical areas, started the Graph Theory, the Calculus of Variations and Differential Geometry. ## 19th Century Carl Friedrich Gauss, a German mathematician, was generally regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of all time due to his contributions to number theory, geometry, probability theory, planetary, and the theory of functions. In 1799, he proved the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra. Toward the end of the 18th Century, an Italian mathematician, Joseph Louie Lagrange began a rigorous theory of functions and mechanics. He also played a key role in the creation of the Metric system of weights and measures. John Venn introduced Venn Diagram in 1874. This became a useful tool in Set Theory. ## 20th Century 1975 C.E. - Benoit Mandelbrot introduced the theory of fractals. He published The Fractal Geometry of Nature in 1982. 1994 C.E. - Andrew Wiles proved Fermat's Last Theorem. 2000 C.E. - Mathematical challenges of the 21st Century announced.