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# Introduction to Microbiology Workbook ## Enzymes | Term | Description | |---|---| | Enzymes | Form of catalysts which bacteria use to breakdown materials. | | Endotoxin | A toxin present inside a bacterial cell that is released when it dies. | | Exotoxin | A toxin released into surroundings by a...

# Introduction to Microbiology Workbook ## Enzymes | Term | Description | |---|---| | Enzymes | Form of catalysts which bacteria use to breakdown materials. | | Endotoxin | A toxin present inside a bacterial cell that is released when it dies. | | Exotoxin | A toxin released into surroundings by a living bacterial cell. | | Transmission | The process by which infection is spread to a host. | | Incubation period | Time between exposure to an infection and the appearance of symptoms. | | Prodromal period | Early phase of a disease | ## Disease Classification | Term | Description | |---|---| | Innocuous | Harmless | | Pathogenic | Capable of causing disease | | Endemic | Found among people in a certain area | ## Types of Infection | Term | Description | |---|---| | Epidemic | Rapid spread of disease within specific geographic area | | Pandemic | Outbreak of disease that occurs over a wide geographic area. | | Commensal | Relationship between two organisms that live in conjunction. | | Virulence | The degree of pathogenicity of a microorganism. | | Opportunistic | Organisms that wait for the opportunity to cause disease. | ## Examples of Infections | Term | Description | |---|---| | Amylaze | Amylaze (breaks down starch to sugars) | | Endotoxin | Lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria. | | Exotoxin | Tetanus toxin Neurotoxin | | Transmission | Airborne, Direct contact | | Incubation period | 14 days for chickenpox | | Prodromal period | influenza | | Innocuous | Herbal tea | | Pathogenic | Streptococcus pyogens | | Endemic | Malaria in certain regions | | Epidemic | Ebola | | Pandemic | Corona | | Commensal | Barnacles attaching to a shell of a turtle. | | Virulence | Streptococcus pneumoniae. | | Opportunistic | Candida albicans (yeast that can cause infections). |