photo.jpg

# Java Programming Notes ## Basic Data Types Java has several primitive data types that represent the basic building blocks of data: - **byte:** A byte is a signed 8-bit integer with a range of -128 to 127. - Example: `byte b = 100;` - **short:** A short is a signed 16-bit integer with a range...

# Java Programming Notes ## Basic Data Types Java has several primitive data types that represent the basic building blocks of data: - **byte:** A byte is a signed 8-bit integer with a range of -128 to 127. - Example: `byte b = 100;` - **short:** A short is a signed 16-bit integer with a range of -32,768 to 32,767. - Example: `short s = 5000;` - **int:** An int is a signed 32-bit integer with a range of -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. - Example: `int i = 100000;` - **long:** A long is a signed 64-bit integer with a range of -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807. - Example: `long l = 1234567890L;` - **float:** A float is a single-precision 32-bit floating-point number with a range of approximately 1.4E-45 to 3.4E+38 and a precision of about 7 decimal digits. - Example: `float f = 3.14f;` - **double:** A double is a double-precision 64-bit floating-point number with a range of approximately 4.9E-324 to 1.8E+308 and a precision of about 15 decimal digits. - Example: `double d = 3.14159;` - **boolean:** A boolean represents a logical value: either true or false. - Example: `char c = 'A';` - **char:** A char represents a single character in Unicode, with a range of '\u0000' (or 0) to '\uffff' (or 65,535). - Example: `boolean b1 = true;` - Example: `boolean b2 = false;` ## Reference Data Types In addition to primitive data types, Java also has a rich set of reference data types such as classes, interfaces, and arrays, built using primitive data types. ## Classes A Class is a blueprint or template for creating objects that encapsulate data and behavior. A class can contain fields (variables) to store data and methods (functions) to perform operations on that data. Objects are instances of a class, and each object has its own set of values for the fields defined in the class. Here's an example of a simple class definition in Java: ```java public class Person { private String name; } ```