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# Speaking In Public ## Hello! I am Mr. Henry M. Andres. You can find me at hinandresatsu.edu.ph. ## "One who forms a judgement on any point but cannot explain it might as well never have thought of all on the subject". - Pericles (2500) ## Public Speaking Public speaking is a way of making id...

# Speaking In Public ## Hello! I am Mr. Henry M. Andres. You can find me at hinandresatsu.edu.ph. ## "One who forms a judgement on any point but cannot explain it might as well never have thought of all on the subject". - Pericles (2500) ## Public Speaking Public speaking is a way of making ideas public - of sharing them with other people and of influencing other people. ### Great Speakers Around the World * USA - Franklin Roosevelt, Billy Graham, Cesar Chavez, Barbara Jordan, Ronald Reagan, Martin Luther King, Hillary Clinton, and Barack Obama * Great Britain - Margaret Thatcher * South Africa - Nelson Mandela * Myanmar - Aung San Suu Kyi * Kenya - Wangari Maathai ## Power of Public Speaking * Vital means of civic engagement * A form of empowerment * Offers opportunity to make a difference ## The Tradition of Public Speaking * Almost all cultures have an equivalent of the English word “orator” to designate someone with special skills in public speaking. * The oldest known handbook on effective speech was written on papyrus in Egypt some 1500 years ago. ## Tradition of Public Speaking * Aristotle’s Rhetoric, composed during the 3rd century BCE, is still considered the most important work on its subject, and many of its principles are followed by speakers and writers today. * The great Roman leader Cicero used his speeches to defend liberty and wrote several works about oratory in general. ## The Tradition of Public Speaking * The principles of public speaking are derived from a long tradition and have been confirmed by a substantial body of research. * The more you know about the principles, the more effective you will be in your own speeches - and the more effective you will be in listening to the speeches of other people. ## Similarities Between Public Speaking and Conversation * Organizing your thoughts logically. * Tailoring your message to your audience. * Telling a story for a maximum impact. * Adapting to listener feedback. ## Differences Between Public Speaking and Conversation * Public speaking is more highly structured. It usually imposes time limitations, does not allow listeners to interrupt with questions or commentary. * Speaker must anticipate questions that may arise. * PS demands more detailed planning and prep. ## Differences Between Public Speaking and Conversation * Public speaking requires more formal language. It avoids slang, jargon, and bad grammar. * Uses elevated and polished language when addressing the audience. * A speech is considered to be “special”. ## Differences Between Public Speaking and Conversation * Public speaking requires a different method of delivery. * It avoids interject stock phrases * Speakers adjust their voices to be clearly heard. * Assume a more erect posture * Avoid mannerisms and verbal habits. ## Developing Confidence: Your Speech Class * **Stage Fright** * One of the concerns of students in any speech class. * The anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience. ## “Given a choice, at a funeral, most of us would rather be the one in the coffin than the one giving the eulogy.” - Jerry Seinfeld ## Nervousness is Normal * Nervousness * It is a healthy sign that they are getting “psyched up” for a good effort. * Perfectly normal - even desirable - feeling at the start of the speech. * Adrenaline - a hormone released into the bloodstream in response to physical and mental stress. ## Effects of Sudden Adrenaline Shot * It makes your heart race * Your hand shakes * Your knees knock * Your skin perspires ## Dealing with Nervousness Rather than trying to eliminate every trace of stage fright, you should aim at transforming it from a negative force into what one expert calls positive nervousness. ## Positive Nervousness * A controlled nervousness that helps a speaker for his or her presentation. * "A zesty, enthusiastic, lively feeling with a slight edge to it... It’s still nervousness, but it feels different. You’re no longer victimized by it. Instead, you’re vitalized by it. You’re in control of it". ## Turning Nervousness from a Negative Force into a Positive One * Think of it as “stage excitement” or “stage enthusiasm.” * Think of it as a normal part of giving a successful speech. * Here are the six (6) ways to turn nervousness from a negative force into a positive one: ## Turning Nervousness from a Negative Force into a Positive One * Acquire Speaking Experience * You are enrolled in this course to learn about speechmaking and gain speaking experience. * The part of stage fright is fear of the unknown. * The more you threat, the more speeches you give, the less threat of nervousness it will become. ## Turning Nervousness from a Negative Force into a Positive One * Prepare, Prepare, Prepare * Pick speech topics you truly care about. * One minute of speaking time requires one to two hours of preparation. * This will depend on the amount of research needed for the speech. ## Turning Nervousness from a Negative Force into a Positive One * Think Positively * Confidence is mostly the well-known power of positive thinking. * If you think you can do it, you usually can. * Mind over matter ## Negative Thought vs. Positive Thought * I wish I did not have to give this speech * This speech is a chance for me to share my ideas.