What are the subunits of macromolecules and their functions?
Understand the Problem
The question appears to be a study guide covering key concepts in biology, specifically focusing on macromolecules, functional groups, and chemical reactions related to organic compounds.
Answer
Monosaccharides, amino acids, glycerol/fatty acids, nucleotides.
The subunits of macromolecules are: 1) Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides (e.g., glucose) form polysaccharides; 2) Proteins: Amino acids form polypeptides; 3) Lipids: Composed of glycerol and fatty acids (not true polymers); 4) Nucleic Acids: Nucleotides form DNA and RNA.
Answer for screen readers
The subunits of macromolecules are: 1) Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides (e.g., glucose) form polysaccharides; 2) Proteins: Amino acids form polypeptides; 3) Lipids: Composed of glycerol and fatty acids (not true polymers); 4) Nucleic Acids: Nucleotides form DNA and RNA.
More Information
Each macromolecule has its own specific monomers and functions. Carbohydrates provide energy, proteins serve structural and enzymatic roles, lipids store energy and form membranes, and nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information.
Tips
A common mistake is to assume lipids are polymers, but they are not true polymers as they do not have a repetitive monomeric subunit.
Sources
- Different Types of Biological Macromolecules | Biology for Majors I - courses.lumenlearning.com
- Introduction to macromolecules (article) | Khan Academy - khanacademy.org
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