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Questions and Answers

Which National Artist's work is characterized by luminous landscapes and the depiction of rural Filipino life?

  • Carlos "Botong" Francisco
  • Ang Kiukok
  • Benedicto Cabrera (BenCab)
  • Fernando Amorsolo (correct)

A filmmaker is creating a movie about the struggles of the Filipino working class. Following the examples of National Artists, which director's style would be most relevant as inspiration?

  • Nick Joaquin, known for exploring Filipino identity.
  • Lino Brocka, known for socially conscious films. (correct)
  • F. Sionil José, known for novels on social issues.
  • Ishmael Bernal, known for challenging the status quo.

Which National Artist for Literature is best known for their modernist poetry and innovative use of language?

  • Lino Brocka
  • Nick Joaquin
  • F. Sionil José
  • José Garcia Villa (correct)

If an artist wants to create art that explores themes of identity using painting and printmaking, who would be the most relevant National Artist to study?

<p>Benedicto Cabrera (BenCab) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which director is recognized for works challenging the norms of Philippine cinema and delving into social justice themes?

<p>Ishmael Bernal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which National Artist used large-scale murals to depict Philippine history and folk traditions?

<p>Carlos &quot;Botong&quot; Francisco (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which National Artist's literary works primarily address themes of social issues, class struggles, and Philippine history through the perspective of Filipino identity?

<p>F. Sionil José (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An artist is creating artwork to evoke a strong emotional response and convey the harsh realities of society. Which National Artist's style would be the most appropriate source of inspiration?

<p>Ang Kiukok (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of Filipino identity is most frequently explored by visual artists in their contemporary works?

<p>Blending Western and indigenous art practices to address social issues and historical narratives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have Filipino theater groups like PETA and Tanghalang Pilipino contributed to the nation's cultural landscape?

<p>By creating original works and adaptations that reflect Filipino life and address societal issues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do Filipino dance companies, such as Ballet Philippines and Bayanihan Dance Company, blend tradition with contemporary forms?

<p>By infusing contemporary elements into folk dances, and presenting these on international stages. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do Filipino musicians play in the global music scene, as evidenced by artists like Lea Salonga and the pioneers of Manila Sound?

<p>They contribute by creating a unique blend of traditional Filipino music with modern genres. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the musical 'Ang Huling El Bimbo' exemplify the integration of popular culture with theatrical arts in the Philippines?

<p>By merging theater with the popular music of the band Eraserheads, appealing to a broad audience. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have Filipino visual artists contributed to global conversations about identity and culture?

<p>By blending Western and indigenous art practices to create thought-provoking works that address identity, social issues, and historical narratives. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do contemporary Filipino dance groups leverage urban street dance to gain international recognition?

<p>By fusing Filipino traditional movements with modern choreography and expressions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a significant contribution of Filipino theater to social and political discourse?

<p>Creating works—from political protests to cultural preservation efforts—that mirror Filipino life and address societal issues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic most accurately describes the contribution of Filipino architects and designers?

<p>A blend of modernity with traditional Filipino elements, reflecting culture while embracing global trends. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have Filipino filmmakers impacted the global cinematic landscape?

<p>By creating films that explore complex narratives of Filipino life, history, and identity, often winning international awards. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Among these options, which is NOT a typical theme explored by Filipino writers?

<p>Exclusively focusing on ancient folklore without contemporary relevance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has the use of both English and Filipino languages affected Filipino literature?

<p>It has broadened the reach of Filipino literature, especially in genres such as poetry, short stories, and novels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes contemporary Filipino architecture from purely modern designs?

<p>Contemporary Filipino architecture integrates sustainable practices and local heritage. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the overall trend in Filipino contemporary arts?

<p>A fusion of tradition and modernity, creating works that engage with global movements while reflecting Filipino identity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common thread among the works of Lino Brocka, Ishmael Bernal, Brillante Mendoza, and Lav Diaz?

<p>Their films often deal with political, social, and cultural themes relevant to Filipino life. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role have Filipino artists played in shaping not only the country’s artistic landscape but also broader global trends?

<p>They have helped define the country’s artistic landscape and influenced broader global trends through a fusion of traditional and modern elements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which architect is best known for integrating traditional Filipino design principles into modern architecture?

<p>Francisco Mañosa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which National Artist for Music is known for blending Filipino folk music with Western classical styles in their compositions?

<p>Lucio San Pedro (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Gerardo de Leon's primary contribution to Philippine cinema?

<p>Contributing to the development of horror and action genres (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which architect's works, including the Cultural Center of the Philippines, are considered landmarks of Filipino architecture?

<p>Leandro V. Locsin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A filmmaker is recognized for their 'realist approach' to depicting social issues. Based on this, whose work aligns with this description?

<p>Brillante Mendoza (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alice Reyes integrated modern dance techniques into traditional Filipino dance within which notable company?

<p>Bayanihan: The National Dance Company of the Philippines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these architects is particularly known for their modernist architectural creations that still incorporate local Filipino traditions?

<p>Pablo S. Antonio (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Antonio J. Molina is best known for what contribution to Filipino Music?

<p>Integrating Filipino themes into Western classical forms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theme is primarily explored in Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero's play, 'The House of Cardenas'?

<p>Family dynamics, social class, and interpersonal relationships. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carlos P. Romulo's 'I Walked with Heroes' is best described as which type of literary work?

<p>An autobiographical account of his experiences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Juan Nakpil's architectural style can best be described as:

<p>Blending modernist and traditional Filipino elements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rolando S. Tinio's adaptation of Nick Joaquin's play focuses on emphasizing what aspect?

<p>The Filipino experience in a changing society (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fernando Amorsolo's paintings, such as 'The Harvest' and 'Planting Rice', are most known for their depiction of what?

<p>Philippine peasant life and rural landscapes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What historical event is depicted in Carlos 'Botong' Francisco’s mural, 'The Discovery of Manila Bay'?

<p>The Spanish arrival in Manila Bay (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Benedicto Cabrera's 'Sabel' series is primarily interpreted as a symbol of what in Filipino life?

<p>The resilience and hardship of Filipino life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ang Kiukok's 'Fighting Cock' is symbolic of what larger theme?

<p>Human struggle and emotion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theme is MOST prevalent in F. Sionil José's Rosales Saga?

<p>A critical examination of Philippine history, colonialism's impact, and social class dynamics. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a film explores themes of abuse, betrayal, and revenge within the context of a young woman's life in the slums, which Lino Brocka film would MOST closely align with this description?

<p><em>Insiang</em> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following films uses the narrative of a woman believed to have mystical powers to explore themes of faith, superstition, and Filipino culture?

<p><em>Himala</em> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Gerardo de Leon's Sisa (1951) MOST likely contribute to the understanding of Filipino societal issues during that time?

<p>By showcasing the mental collapse of a mother, symbolizing the plight of Filipino women. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a film is intended to critique corruption and violence in Philippine society through a dark and gritty narrative, which film would be MOST fitting?

<p><em>Kinatay</em> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might Juan Nakpil’s design of the Quezon Institute (1939) reflect the prevailing architectural trends and cultural values of the time?

<p>By integrating modernist architectural styles with traditional Filipino elements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is José Garcia Villa's primary contribution to Philippine literature?

<p>His innovative use of language and literary techniques in poetry, earning him international recognition. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What central theme is explored in Nick Joaquin's The Woman Who Had Two Navels?

<p>The exploration of Filipino identity and the psychological turmoil of a woman torn between two identities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Lea Salonga

A versatile Filipino artist known for her Broadway fame and contributions to music and theatre.

Manila Sound pioneers

Pioneering Filipino musicians who blended traditional sounds with modern genres.

Contemporary Filipino Dance

Dance that mixes traditional Filipino movements with modern styles.

Ballet Philippines & Bayanihan

Philippine dance companies preserving folk dance and adding contemporary elements

Signup and view all the flashcards

PETA (Philippine Educational Theater Association)

A theater orginization that addresses societal issues through performance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

"Ang Huling El Bimbo"

A musical based on the songs of the band Eraserheads.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Juan Luna, Fernando Amorsolo, Bencab

Legendary Filipino visual artists.

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Ronald Ventura & Elmer Borlongan

Younger Filipino visual artists pushing boundaries.

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José Rizal

Canonical Filipino writer who influenced generations.

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Lourd de Veyra

Exploration of Filipino identity and societal problems.

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Lino Brocka and Ishmael Bernal

Filipino directors addressing political and social themes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Brillante Mendoza

Director known for complex narratives of Filipino life, with international awards.

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Juan Nakpil

Architect who created iconic structures reflecting Filipino culture.

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Francisco Mañosa

Designed structures integrating sustainable practices and local heritage.

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Monique Lhuillier

Fashion designer with international recognition.

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Filipino Contemporary Arts

Fusion of tradition and modernity reflecting Filipino identity.

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Gerardo de Leon

A director and screenwriter of horror and action films, contributing to early Philippine cinema.

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National Artists of the Philippines

Individuals recognized for significant contributions to Filipino culture and arts.

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Leandro V. Locsin

Modernist architect; landmarks include the Cultural Center of the Philippines.

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Pablo S. Antonio

Modernist architect blending local traditions with modernist principles.

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Lucio San Pedro

Composer blending Filipino folk music with Western classical styles.

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Who is Tinio (1997)?

A poet, playwright, and translator who bridged Filipino and Western theater traditions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Who is Fernando Amorsolo?

Known for luminous landscapes and depictions of rural Filipino life; the first National Artist for Visual Arts.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Who is Carlos "Botong" Francisco?

A muralist known for depicting Philippine history and folk traditions through large-scale murals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Who is Benedicto Cabrera (BenCab)?

Known for works exploring Filipino identity using painting and printmaking.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Who is Ang Kiukok?

Known for emotionally intense, symbolic works exploring human struggle and harsh realities in Filipino society.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Who is José Garcia Villa?

A poet known for innovative use of language and contribution to modernist poetry in the Philippines.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Who is Nick Joaquin?

A novelist, poet, and playwright known for exploring Filipino identity, history, and society.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lino Brocka?

A director known for socially conscious films depicting the struggles of the Filipino working class.

Signup and view all the flashcards

"Doveglion: Collected Poems"

Villa's poetry collection, known for innovative language.

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"Footnote to Youth"

A short story exploring youth, decisions, and consequences.

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"The Woman Who Had Two Navels"

Novel exploring Filipino identity and psychological turmoil.

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"May Day Eve"

Short story on love, time, and Filipino folklore.

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"The Rosales Saga"

Series exploring Philippine history, colonialism, and class.

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"Maynila: Sa Mga Kuko ng Liwanag"

Film critiquing the urban poor's struggles in Manila.

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"Himala"

Film about faith, superstition, and Filipino culture.

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Quezon Institute

Health facility blending modern and Filipino design.

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Alice Reyes

Known for modern techniques in traditional Filipino dance with 'Bayanihan'.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero

Playwright known for works tackling Filipino family dynamics and social issues.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Carlos P. Romulo

Authored autobiographical play 'I Walked with Heroes,' exploring his experiences as a diplomat.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rolando S. Tinio

Adapted 'A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino,' emphasizing Filipino identity in a changing society.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fernando Amorsolo

Known for 'The Harvest' and 'Planting Rice,' showcasing rural Filipino life.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Carlos "Botong" Francisco

Painter of 'Discovery of Manila Bay' and 'The Martyrdom of Dr. Jose Rizal' murals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Benedicto Cabrera (BenCab)

Known for the 'Sabel' series, a symbol of Filipino resilience and hardship.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ang Kiukok

Known for 'Fighting Cock' symbolizing human struggle and emotion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

  • Filipino artists have significantly shaped contemporary arts
  • Their art is a reflection of the nation's culture, history, and socio-political environment

Music

  • The music of the Philippines has played a vital role in shaping contemporary music
  • Lea Salonga gained fame on Broadway
  • Manila Sound pioneers combined traditional Filipino music with modern genres
  • Jose Mari Chan, Freddie Aguilar, and Yeng Constantino enriched the local music scene with diverse genres from pop and rock, to ballads
  • Filipino musicians continue to explore new sounds, with emerging indie bands and solo artists

Dance

  • Dance in the Philippines blends Filipino traditions with modern choreography
  • Ballet Philippines and the Bayanihan Dance Company preserve folk dance while infusing contemporary elements
  • Denisa Reyes and Agnez Mo showcase Filipino creativity internationally
  • Urban street dance also flourishes, especially with groups like "The Crew"

Theater

  • Filipino theater has addressed societal issues, from political protests to cultural preservation
  • Tony Award-winning actor Lea Salonga, director and playwright Carlos P. Romulo, Tanghalang Pilipino and PETA express traditional and contemporary issues
  • Musicals like "Ang Huling El Bimbo," based on the music of the band Eraserheads, have blended theater with popular culture

Visual Arts

  • Juan Luna, Fernando Amorsolo, and Benedicto Cabrera (BenCab) are legendary visual artists of the Philippines
  • Ronald Ventura and Elmer Borlongan are younger artists pushing boundaries
  • Filipino visual artists blend Western and indigenous art practices to create thought-provoking works addressing identity, social issues, and historical narratives
  • Art Fair Philippines has showcased the growth of Filipino visual art internationally

Literature

  • José Rizal, Nick Joaquin, and Edith Tiempo have become canonical figures in Filipino literature
  • Lourd de Veyra, Miguel Syjuco, and Samantha Padilla explore Filipino identity, societal problems, and global perspectives
  • Literature in both English and Filipino languages has allowed for broader reach, especially in poetry, short stories, and novels

Film and Broadcast Arts

  • Lino Brocka and Ishmael Bernal produced films in the 1970s and 1980s that dealt with political, social, and cultural themes
  • Brillante Mendoza and Lav Diaz have won international awards for their films
  • Filipino filmmakers produce innovative television shows

Architecture, Design, and Allied Arts

  • Juan Nakpil and Leandro Locsin created iconic structures that reflect Filipino culture while embracing global trends
  • Francisco Mañosa and Lor Calma & Partners design sustainable structures integrating local heritage
  • Rajo Laurel and Monique Lhuillier are fashion designers gaining international recognition
  • Graphic design, industrial design, and other forms of applied art continue to grow

National Artists for Music

  • Lucio San Pedro (1991): known for compositions blending Filipino folk music with Western classical styles
  • Antonio J. Molina (1973): a composer who integrated Filipino themes with Western classical forms
  • Levi Celerio (1997): a prolific composer and lyricist known for his work in Filipino folk music and popular songs
  • Ryan Cayabyab (2018): a contemporary composer, conductor, and musical director

National Artists for Dance

  • Francisca Reyes-Aquino (1973): a pioneer in the study and documentation of Filipino folk dances
  • Leonor Orosa-Goquingco (1976): known as the "Dean of Filipino Dances," blending classical ballet with folk influences
  • Alice Reyes (2014): a contemporary choreographer who helped elevate modern Filipino Dance

National Artists for Theater

  • Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero (1997): known for reflecting the Filipino experience in his plays
  • Carlos P. Romulo (1982): works focused on the complexities of Filipino society
  • Rolando S. Tinio (1997): bridged the gap between Filipino and Western theater traditions

National Artists for Visual Arts

  • Fernando Amorsolo (1972): known for landscapes depicting rural Filipino life
  • Carlos "Botong" Francisco (1973): known for depicting Philippine history and folk traditions
  • Benedicto Cabrera (2014): explores Filipino identity, using various media
  • Ang Kiukok (2001): known for symbolic works that explore themes of human struggle

National Artists for Literature

  • José Garcia Villa (1973): known for innovative language
  • Nick Joaquin (1976): known for exploring Filipino identity, history, and society
  • F. Sionil José (2001): focused on social issues, class struggles, and Philippine history

National Artists for Film and Broadcast Arts

  • Lino Brocka (1997): a director known for his socially conscious films
  • Ishmael Bernal (2001): challenged Philippine cinema, exploring themes of social justice
  • Brillante Mendoza (2009): known for his realist approach to filmmaking
  • Gerardo de Leon (1982): director and screenwriter, contributing to the development of Philippine cinema

National Artists for Architecture and Design

  • Juan Nakpil (1973): blended modernist and traditional Filipino elements
  • Leandro V. Locsin (1990): modernist architect known for works such as the Cultural Center of the Philippines
  • Francisco Mañosa (2018): incorporated traditional Filipino design principles
  • Pablo S. Antonio (1976): blended local traditions with modernist principles

Lucio San Pedro's Music

  • “Sa Ugoy ng Duyan”: a lullaby capturing the essence of Filipino childhood
  • “Pandangguhan”: a blend of Filipino folk music and Western classical style

Antonio J. Molina's Music

  • “Hatinggabi”: a composition that reflects his melodies that combine Filipino themes with Western influences
  • “Pasko na Naman”: a Christmas carol

Levi Celerio's Music

  • "Ang Pasko Ay Sumapit”: a Christmas song
  • “Ikaw”: a love song

Ryan Cayabyab's Music

  • “Kay Ganda ng Ating Musika”: expresses the beauty of Filipino music and culture
  • “Truly Filipino”: celebrates the Filipino spirit

Francisca Reyes-Aquino's Dance

  • “Tinikling”: a dance that has become an international symbol of Filipino culture
  • “Singkil”: a dance from Mindanao

Leonor Orosa-Goquingco's Dance

  • “Rosas Pandan”: showcases Filipino folk traditions combined with ballet techniques
  • “Pantomina”: a folk dance from the Bicol region

Alice Reyes' Dance

  • “Bayanihan: The National Dance Company of the Philippines”: is from a company that incorporates modern techniques into traditional Filipino dance

Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero's Theater

  • “The House of Cardenas”: delves into the issues of family, social class, and human relationships in the Philippines
  • “Wanted: A Chaperon”: comedy

Carlos P. Romulo's Theater

  • “I Walked with Heroes”: an autobiographical play
  • “The Philippines and the World”: explores the Philippines' place in the global context

Rolando S. Tinio's Theater

  • “A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino”: adaptation of Joaquin's play, emphasizing the Filipino experience
  • “Kuwento ng Buhay ni Rosa”: delves into personal and societal themes

Fernando Amorsolo's Visual Arts

  • “The Harvest”: showcasing rural Filipino life
  • “Planting Rice”: it beautifully captures Filipino peasant life

Carlos "Botong" Francisco's Visual Arts

  • “The Discovery of Manila Bay”: depicting Spanish arrival in the Philippines
  • “The Martyrdom of Dr. Jose Rizal”: depicting Rizal's execution

Benedicto Cabrera's Visual Arts

  • "Sabel”: depicting a woman named Sabel
  • “Baclaran”: depicts the life and environment of the bustling Baclaran area in Manila

Ang Kiukok's Visual Arts

  • "Fighting Cock”: features the intense, emotional battle between two roosters

José Garcia Villa's Literature

  • “Doveglion: Collected Poems”: brought recognition for his use of language and innovative literary techniques
  • “Footnote to Youth”: explores themes of youth, life decisions, and their consequences

Nick Joaquin's Literature

  • “The Woman Who Had Two Navels”: explores Filipino identity

F. Sionil José's Work

  • “The Rosales Saga”: explores Philippine history, colonialism, and social class.
  • “My Brother's Face”: explores Filipino society and human struggles.

Lino Brocka's Film and Broadcast Arts

  • “Maynila: Sa Mga Kuko ng Liwanag” (1975): critiques urban poverty in Manila
  • “Insiang” (1976): harsh realities of life for a young woman in the slums

Ishmael Bernal's Film and Broadcast Arts

  • “Himala” (1982): explores faith, superstition, and the Filipino culture
  • “Nunal sa Tubig” (1976): highlights social issues

Brillante Mendoza's Film and Broadcast Arts

  • “Kinatay” (2009): critiques corruption and violence
  • “Lola” (2009): two grandmothers' struggles in the face of family tragedies and societal pressures

Gerardo de Leon's Film and Broadcast Arts

  • “Ang Maestra” (1971): about a teacher's efforts to instill moral values in her students
  • “Sisa” (1951): explores the mental collapse of a mother

Juan Nakpil's Architecture, Design, and Allied Arts

  • “Quezon Institute” (1939): exemplifies modern architecture integrated with traditional Filipino elements
  • “University of the Philippines Quezon Hall”: landmark

Leandro V. Locsin's Architecture, Design, and Allied Arts

  • “Cultural Center of the Philippines” (1969): showcases Filipino art and culture
  • “Philippine International Convention Center” (1976): integrates modern design with Filipino elements

Francisco Mañosa's Architecture, Design, and Allied Arts

  • “San Miguel Building” (1966): blends modern and traditional Filipino architectural styles
  • “The EDSA Shrine” (1989): landmark commemorating the People Power Revolution

Pablo S. Antonio's Architecture, Design, and Allied Arts

  • “The Manila Polo Club” (1954): modernist approach to design
  • “Philippine International Convention Center” (1976): was crucial in shaping its architectural direction

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