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Questions and Answers
What is the first artery in the upper limb?
Which of the following arteries is a branch of the axillary artery?
What is the continuation of the axillary artery?
Which of the following arteries gives rise to the anterior and posterior interosseous arteries?
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What is formed by the union of the radial and ulnar arteries?
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Which of the following arteries arises from the femoral artery?
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What is the continuation of the femoral artery?
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Which of the following veins receives blood from the external jugular vein?
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What connects the cephalic and basilic veins?
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Which of the following veins arises from the brachial vein?
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What is the origin of the dorsal digital veins?
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What is the bifurcation point of the inferior vena cava?
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Which vein is fed by the anterior tibial vein, fibula or peroneal vein, and posterior tibial vein?
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Which of the following veins is used in coronary artery bypass grafts?
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What is the origin of the plantar metatarsal veins and plantar digital veins?
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What is the location of the deep femoral vein?
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What is the origin of the medial plantar vein and lateral plantar vein?
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What is the origin of the dorsal metatarsal veins?
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What is the origin of the dorsal metacarpal vein?
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What is the direction of flow in the femoral vein?
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Study Notes
Upper Limb Arteries
- The subclavian artery is the first artery in the upper limb
- The axillary artery is located behind the subclavian vein
- Branches of the axillary artery:
- Thoracodorsal artery
- Lateral thoracic artery
- Superior thoracic artery
- Subscapular artery
- Circumflex scapular artery
- The brachial artery is a continuation of the axillary artery
- Branches of the brachial artery:
- Anterior circumflex humeral artery
- Posterior circumflex humeral artery
- Deep brachial artery
- Superior ulnar collateral artery
- Inferior ulnar collateral artery
- The radial artery and ulnar artery are branches of the brachial artery
- The radial artery gives rise to the radial recurrent artery
- The ulnar artery gives rise to the common interosseous artery, which splits into the anterior and posterior interosseous arteries
- The ulnar artery also gives rise to the ulnar recurrent artery
- The radial and ulnar arteries form the superficial palmar arch
- The superficial palmar arch gives rise to the common palmar digital arteries, which branch into the proper palmar digital arteries
- The deep palmar arch is a deeper structure that also arises from the radial and ulnar arteries
- The dorsal carpal arch is a branch of the radial artery
- The dorsal metacarpal arteries arise from the dorsal carpal arch
- The dorsal digital arteries arise from the dorsal metacarpal arteries
Lower Limb Arteries
- The abdominal aorta bifurcates into the left and right common iliac arteries
- The left common iliac artery gives rise to the external iliac artery and internal iliac artery
- The external iliac artery becomes the femoral artery
- Branches of the femoral artery:
- Deep femoral artery
- Lateral circumflex femoral artery
- Medial circumflex femoral artery
- The femoral artery gives rise to the descending genicular artery and various other minor branches
- The popliteal artery is a continuation of the femoral artery
- Branches of the popliteal artery:
- Anterior tibial artery
- Posterior tibial artery
- Fibular (peroneal) artery
- The anterior tibial artery gives rise to the dorsalis pedis artery
- The dorsalis pedis artery forms the arcuate artery, which gives rise to the dorsal metatarsal arteries
- The dorsal metatarsal arteries give rise to the dorsal digital arteries
Upper Limb Veins
- The subclavian vein receives blood from the external jugular vein and vertebral vein
- The axillary vein is a continuation of the subclavian vein
- The axillary vein receives blood from the long thoracic vein and subscapular vein
- The cephalic vein arises from the axillary vein and runs down the thumb side of the arm
- The basilic vein arises from the brachial vein and runs down the pinky side of the arm
- The median cubital vein connects the cephalic and basilic veins
- The median antebrachial vein arises from the median cubital vein
- The radial vein and ulnar vein arise from the palmar venous arch
- The dorsal venous arch connects the cephalic and basilic veins
Lower Limb Veins
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Not covered in this text### Upper Limb Veins
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The cephalic vein and basilic vein are connected via an anastomosis called the dorsal venous arch.
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The dorsal metacarpal vein comes off the dorsum of the hand.
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The dorsal digital veins branch off from the dorsal metacarpal vein.
Lower Limb Veins
- The inferior vena cava (IVC) has a bifurcation point that splits into the right and left common iliac veins.
- The common iliac veins further split into the external iliac vein and internal iliac vein.
- The external iliac vein is fed by the femoral vein.
- The deep femoral vein is located behind the femoral vein and has two branches: the medial circumflex femoral vein and the lateral circumflex femoral vein.
- The great saphenous vein is a significant vein used in coronary artery bypass grafts.
- The small saphenous vein is another important vein in the lower limb.
- The femoral vein feeds into the popliteal vein, which is fed by three branches: the anterior tibial vein, the fibula or peroneal vein, and the posterior tibial vein.
- The popliteal vein feeds into the dorsalis pedis vein, which is fed by the dorsal venous arch of the foot.
- The dorsal venous arch of the foot gives rise to the dorsal metatarsal veins and dorsal digital veins.
- The posterior tibial vein feeds into the medial plantar vein and lateral plantar vein, which come together to form the plantar venous arch.
- The plantar venous arch gives rise to the plantar metatarsal veins and plantar digital veins.
Upper Limb Arteries
- The subclavian artery is the first artery in the upper limb
- The axillary artery is located behind the subclavian vein and has branches:
- Thoracodorsal artery
- Lateral thoracic artery
- Superior thoracic artery
- Subscapular artery
- Circumflex scapular artery
- The brachial artery is a continuation of the axillary artery and has branches:
- Anterior circumflex humeral artery
- Posterior circumflex humeral artery
- Deep brachial artery
- Superior ulnar collateral artery
- Inferior ulnar collateral artery
- The radial artery and ulnar artery are branches of the brachial artery
- The radial artery gives rise to the radial recurrent artery
- The ulnar artery gives rise to the common interosseous artery, which splits into the anterior and posterior interosseous arteries
- The ulnar artery also gives rise to the ulnar recurrent artery
- The radial and ulnar arteries form the superficial palmar arch
- The superficial palmar arch gives rise to the common palmar digital arteries, which branch into the proper palmar digital arteries
- The deep palmar arch is a deeper structure that also arises from the radial and ulnar arteries
- The dorsal carpal arch is a branch of the radial artery
- The dorsal metacarpal arteries arise from the dorsal carpal arch
- The dorsal digital arteries arise from the dorsal metacarpal arteries
Lower Limb Arteries
- The abdominal aorta bifurcates into the left and right common iliac arteries
- The left common iliac artery gives rise to the external iliac artery and internal iliac artery
- The external iliac artery becomes the femoral artery
- The femoral artery has branches:
- Deep femoral artery
- Lateral circumflex femoral artery
- Medial circumflex femoral artery
- The femoral artery gives rise to the descending genicular artery and various other minor branches
- The popliteal artery is a continuation of the femoral artery and has branches:
- Anterior tibial artery
- Posterior tibial artery
- Fibular (peroneal) artery
- The anterior tibial artery gives rise to the dorsalis pedis artery
- The dorsalis pedis artery forms the arcuate artery, which gives rise to the dorsal metatarsal arteries
- The dorsal metatarsal arteries give rise to the dorsal digital arteries
Upper Limb Veins
- The subclavian vein receives blood from the external jugular vein and vertebral vein
- The axillary vein is a continuation of the subclavian vein
- The axillary vein receives blood from the long thoracic vein and subscapular vein
- The cephalic vein arises from the axillary vein and runs down the thumb side of the arm
- The basilic vein arises from the brachial vein and runs down the pinky side of the arm
- The median cubital vein connects the cephalic and basilic veins
- The median antebrachial vein arises from the median cubital vein
- The radial vein and ulnar vein arise from the palmar venous arch
- The dorsal venous arch connects the cephalic and basilic veins
Lower Limb Veins
- The inferior vena cava (IVC) has a bifurcation point that splits into the right and left common iliac veins
- The common iliac veins further split into the external iliac vein and internal iliac vein
- The external iliac vein is fed by the femoral vein
- The deep femoral vein is located behind the femoral vein and has two branches: the medial circumflex femoral vein and the lateral circumflex femoral vein
- The great saphenous vein is a significant vein used in coronary artery bypass grafts
- The small saphenous vein is another important vein in the lower limb
- The femoral vein feeds into the popliteal vein, which is fed by three branches: the anterior tibial vein, the fibula or peroneal vein, and the posterior tibial vein
- The popliteal vein feeds into the dorsalis pedis vein, which is fed by the dorsal venous arch of the foot
- The dorsal venous arch of the foot gives rise to the dorsal metatarsal veins and dorsal digital veins
- The posterior tibial vein feeds into the medial plantar vein and lateral plantar vein, which come together to form the plantar venous arch
- The plantar venous arch gives rise to the plantar metatarsal veins and plantar digital veins
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Description
Explore the anatomy of the upper limb arteries, including the subclavian, axillary, and brachial arteries, and their branches. Learn about their locations and relationships.
