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Questions and Answers
A bowel movement frequency of less than three times a week is the sole indicator of constipation, regardless of stool consistency or ease of passage.
A bowel movement frequency of less than three times a week is the sole indicator of constipation, regardless of stool consistency or ease of passage.
False (B)
Constipation arises primarily from the slowing down of digestion and food transportation throughout the entire digestive system.
Constipation arises primarily from the slowing down of digestion and food transportation throughout the entire digestive system.
False (B)
The frequency of bowel movements is considered a more accurate measure of constipation than the difficulty experienced during bowel movements.
The frequency of bowel movements is considered a more accurate measure of constipation than the difficulty experienced during bowel movements.
False (B)
Temporary constipation experienced during travel is primarily due to changes in the types of food consumed and has little to do with the disruption of the gut's usual routine.
Temporary constipation experienced during travel is primarily due to changes in the types of food consumed and has little to do with the disruption of the gut's usual routine.
Experiencing constipation occasionally while traveling indicates a severe, long-term digestive issue that needs immediate medical attention.
Experiencing constipation occasionally while traveling indicates a severe, long-term digestive issue that needs immediate medical attention.
The nerves in the gut are unaffected by travel and maintain their regular function regardless of changes in diet, hydration, and schedule.
The nerves in the gut are unaffected by travel and maintain their regular function regardless of changes in diet, hydration, and schedule.
Increasing water intake and maintaining a consistent diet are insignificant factors in preventing constipation while traveling.
Increasing water intake and maintaining a consistent diet are insignificant factors in preventing constipation while traveling.
Experiencing a satisfying feeling of emptiness after a bowel movement is a typical symptom associated with severe constipation.
Experiencing a satisfying feeling of emptiness after a bowel movement is a typical symptom associated with severe constipation.
If constipation arises abruptly or persists for an unusually short duration, consulting a doctor is unnecessary.
If constipation arises abruptly or persists for an unusually short duration, consulting a doctor is unnecessary.
The primary goal of using laxatives is to alleviate pain, not necessarily to facilitate bowel movements.
The primary goal of using laxatives is to alleviate pain, not necessarily to facilitate bowel movements.
Osmosis describes the process where water moves from an area of lower solute concentration to one of higher solute concentration until equilibrium is achieved.
Osmosis describes the process where water moves from an area of lower solute concentration to one of higher solute concentration until equilibrium is achieved.
Soaking lettuce in pure alcohol will crisp it up due to the osmotic pressure.
Soaking lettuce in pure alcohol will crisp it up due to the osmotic pressure.
Osmotic laxatives function by decreasing the amount of water in the large intestine, resulting in a more comfortable bowel movement.
Osmotic laxatives function by decreasing the amount of water in the large intestine, resulting in a more comfortable bowel movement.
Diarrhea indicates that an insufficient amount of osmotic laxatives have been ingested.
Diarrhea indicates that an insufficient amount of osmotic laxatives have been ingested.
Jetlag can negatively impact the nerves in the gut, leading to digestive issues during travel.
Jetlag can negatively impact the nerves in the gut, leading to digestive issues during travel.
Suppressing the urge to use the toilet while traveling has no effect on bowel function.
Suppressing the urge to use the toilet while traveling has no effect on bowel function.
Sodium sulfate is a gentle salt that can be taken regularly without affecting the body's electrolyte balance.
Sodium sulfate is a gentle salt that can be taken regularly without affecting the body's electrolyte balance.
Lactulose helps retain water in the large intestine and inhibits the growth of beneficial gut flora.
Lactulose helps retain water in the large intestine and inhibits the growth of beneficial gut flora.
The 'not my toilet' syndrome primarily affects individuals who are comfortable using public restrooms without any hesitation.
The 'not my toilet' syndrome primarily affects individuals who are comfortable using public restrooms without any hesitation.
Lactulose is diminished when milk is heated to high temperatures, therefore raw milk contains more lactulose than pasteurized milk.
Lactulose is diminished when milk is heated to high temperatures, therefore raw milk contains more lactulose than pasteurized milk.
Psyllium seed husks and plums are beneficial for constipation because they solely contain fiber, which stimulates the gut wall.
Psyllium seed husks and plums are beneficial for constipation because they solely contain fiber, which stimulates the gut wall.
Consuming a high amount of dietary fiber guarantees immediate relief from constipation, regardless of fluid intake.
Consuming a high amount of dietary fiber guarantees immediate relief from constipation, regardless of fluid intake.
Sorbitol is a non-milk laxative sugar that is poorly absorbed by the body and is often used as a sweetening agent and can be found on food labels as E420.
Sorbitol is a non-milk laxative sugar that is poorly absorbed by the body and is often used as a sweetening agent and can be found on food labels as E420.
Insoluble fiber is generally more gentle on the digestive system than water-soluble fiber.
Insoluble fiber is generally more gentle on the digestive system than water-soluble fiber.
PEG-150 chains are preferred in laxatives due to their ability to affect the gut wall.
PEG-150 chains are preferred in laxatives due to their ability to affect the gut wall.
PEG-150 is used in skin creams for its moisturizing effects, similar to its potential effect on the gut.
PEG-150 is used in skin creams for its moisturizing effects, similar to its potential effect on the gut.
Even if a person drinks sufficient fluids daily, drinking more during air travel will further improve bowel function.
Even if a person drinks sufficient fluids daily, drinking more during air travel will further improve bowel function.
Laxatives with longer molecular chains (e.g. PG-3350) are safe for long term usage.
Laxatives with longer molecular chains (e.g. PG-3350) are safe for long term usage.
Air travel can cause dehydration, which can lead to harder stools and constipation.
Air travel can cause dehydration, which can lead to harder stools and constipation.
Consistently suppressing the urge to go to the toilet does not affect the nerves and muscles involved in bowel movements.
Consistently suppressing the urge to go to the toilet does not affect the nerves and muscles involved in bowel movements.
Using osmotic laxatives increases, by sheer mass, the motivation for the gut to move.
Using osmotic laxatives increases, by sheer mass, the motivation for the gut to move.
Osmotic laxatives work solely by increasing moisture content in the feces, without affecting gut motility otherwise.
Osmotic laxatives work solely by increasing moisture content in the feces, without affecting gut motility otherwise.
Waiting a week to overcome a fear of communal toilets will not affect bowel habits.
Waiting a week to overcome a fear of communal toilets will not affect bowel habits.
Probiotics and prebiotics are not useful for restoring balance to a tired gut.
Probiotics and prebiotics are not useful for restoring balance to a tired gut.
Engaging in mild exercise, such as a leisurely stroll, is usually enough to significantly improve gut movement and alleviate constipation.
Engaging in mild exercise, such as a leisurely stroll, is usually enough to significantly improve gut movement and alleviate constipation.
Increasing fiber intake without increasing fluid intake will help soften the stool.
Increasing fiber intake without increasing fluid intake will help soften the stool.
If one usually has a bowel movement in the mornings, it is best to suppress this urge while traveling.
If one usually has a bowel movement in the mornings, it is best to suppress this urge while traveling.
The rocking squat technique is a proven, universally effective method for relieving constipation.
The rocking squat technique is a proven, universally effective method for relieving constipation.
Flashcards
Constipation
Constipation
Infrequent bowel movements (less than 3 times a week) and/or hard stool that's difficult to pass.
Cause of Constipation
Cause of Constipation
A disconnect between gut nerves and muscles, leading to difficulty in expelling waste.
Best Assessment Parameter for Constipation
Best Assessment Parameter for Constipation
The difficulty of passing stool, not just the frequency of bowel movements.
Temporary Constipation
Temporary Constipation
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Gut's Creature of Habit
Gut's Creature of Habit
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Travel's Effect on Gut
Travel's Effect on Gut
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Dehydration and Constipation.
Dehydration and Constipation.
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Stress and Constipation
Stress and Constipation
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Laxatives
Laxatives
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Perfect Little Pile
Perfect Little Pile
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Osmosis
Osmosis
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Osmotic Laxatives
Osmotic Laxatives
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Lactulose
Lactulose
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Lactulose Side Effects
Lactulose Side Effects
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Sorbitol
Sorbitol
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PEG Laxatives
PEG Laxatives
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PEG Chain Length
PEG Chain Length
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Peristaltic Reflex
Peristaltic Reflex
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Electrolyte Balance
Electrolyte Balance
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Pasteurization
Pasteurization
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UHT Milk
UHT Milk
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Constipation Medical Consultation
Constipation Medical Consultation
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Travel Constipation Causes
Travel Constipation Causes
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How Fiber Helps Constipation
How Fiber Helps Constipation
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Fiber-Rich Foods for Constipation
Fiber-Rich Foods for Constipation
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Types of Fiber
Types of Fiber
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Importance of Fluids with Fiber
Importance of Fluids with Fiber
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Air Travel and Dehydration
Air Travel and Dehydration
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Dangers of Ignoring the Urge
Dangers of Ignoring the Urge
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Probiotics and Prebiotics
Probiotics and Prebiotics
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Exercise and Constipation
Exercise and Constipation
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Rocking Squat Technique
Rocking Squat Technique
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Daily dose of fiber
Daily dose of fiber
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Hydration During Travel
Hydration During Travel
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Training the System
Training the System
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Feces Fluid Extraction
Feces Fluid Extraction
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Study Notes
- Constipation affects 10-20% of people in the United States.
- Diagnostic criteria include fewer than three bowel movements per week, hard stool a quarter of the time, difficulty passing stool without aid, and a lack of complete emptying.
Causes and Types of Constipation
- Constipation arises from miscommunication between the gut's nerves and muscles.
- Digestion speed is often normal until the final part of the large intestine.
- The difficulty of bowel movements, not frequency, determines constipation.
- Temporary constipation can be triggered by travel, illness, or stress.
- Travel constipation affects almost half of travelers, especially in the early days of a trip.
- The gut's sensitivity to routine (food, timing, activity, hydration, sleep) explains travel-induced constipation.
- Travel disrupts the gut's routine via dietary changes, schedule disruptions, dehydration, and jetlag.
- This disruption can cause the gut nerves to slow down function.
- Suppressing the urge to go when traveling and discomfort with unfamiliar toilets worsen the issue.
Remedies for Mild Constipation
- Eating fiber can stimulate gut wall action.
- Psyllium seed husks and plums combine fiber with fluid-drawing agents for smoother bowel movements.
- Effects typically appear after 2-3 days.
- 30 grams of dietary fiber is an appropriate daily dose.
- Insoluble fiber stimulates movement, but can cause stomachaches.
- Soluble fiber softens stool, with fruits containing both types.
- Adequate fluid intake is essential when consuming dietary fiber, to prevent solid lumps.
- Increased fluid intake benefits those who are dehydrated.
- Dehydration from air travel dries out feces in the gut.
- One should heed the urge to go to the toilet, especially during travel, to maintain gut rhythm.
- Delaying bowel movements trains the gut to retain, leading to harder stools.
- Probiotics and prebiotics can revitalize gut flora.
- Increased exercise is generally ineffective unless extremely strenuous.
Other Techniques and When to Seek Medical Advice
- The rocking squat technique involves bending forward and straightening up while seated on the toilet.
- Consult a doctor for sudden or prolonged constipation, as it may indicate underlying conditions like diabetes or thyroid problems.
Laxatives: An Overview
- Laxatives aim to produce well-formed stools.
- They are helpful for travelers, slow transporters, and those with toilet aversion or hemorrhoids.
Osmotic Laxatives
- Osmotic laxatives use osmosis to draw water into the large intestine.
- They contain salts, sugars, or molecular chains to increase water retention and ease bowel movements.
- Overuse can lead to excessive water extraction and diarrhea.
- Salts like sodium sulfate (Glauber's salt) are harsh and can disrupt electrolyte balance.
- Lactulose retains water and feeds gut flora, potentially causing gas and cramps.
- Lactulose forms from lactose when milk is heated. Higher temperatures result in more lactulose
- Sorbitol, found in fruits like plums, pears, and apples, also acts as a laxative.
- It is poorly absorbed and used as a sweetener (E420), with warnings about excessive consumption on sugar-free products.
- Short molecular chains like polyethylene glycol (PEG) are the most easily tolerated.
- PEG does not disrupt electrolytes or produce gas.
- Higher molecular weight PEGs (e.g., PG-3350) are preferred over shorter chains (e.g., PEG-150) to avoid absorption by the gut wall.
- PEG-based laxatives can be taken long-term without addiction or damage.
How Osmotic Laxatives Work
- Osmotic laxatives increase stool moisture and mass, stimulating the peristaltic reflex.
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