Types of Valves: Block, Throttling, and Check Valves

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Questions and Answers

Which type of valve is specifically designed to only allow flow in one direction?

  • Check valve (correct)
  • Throttling valve
  • Pressure relief valve
  • Block valve

In which scenario would a pressure relief valve typically open?

  • When the fluid pressure exceeds a predetermined safe level (correct)
  • When the fluid pressure drops below a set minimum
  • To maintain a constant flow rate in the system
  • During regular system maintenance and shutdown

What operational characteristic distinguishes throttling valves from block valves?

  • Throttling valves are manually operated, and block valves are automated.
  • Throttling valves are designed to regulate flow, while block valves primarily stop or start flow (correct)
  • Throttling valves can only be fully open or fully closed, unlike block valves.
  • Throttling valves are used in high-pressure systems, while block valves are for low-pressure

Which of the following valves is LEAST likely to be used for precise flow control?

<p>Ball valve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which valve type is commonly employed to prevent backflow in a pumping system?

<p>Check valve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a system where precise flow adjustment is needed for sensitive instruments, which valve type would be most suitable?

<p>Needle valve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a safety valve in an industrial pressurized system?

<p>To quickly release excess pressure and prevent over-pressurization. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which valve type is often used in applications where quick, on/off control with minimal pressure drop is required?

<p>Ball valve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A throttling valve is used to control the flow of fluid in a pipe. If the valve is gradually closed, what happens to the fluid pressure upstream of the valve?

<p>The pressure upstream increases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a hydraulic system, a check valve malfunctions and allows reverse flow. What is the MOST likely consequence of this malfunction?

<p>Unintended movement of actuators (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A technician notices that a pressure relief valve is constantly releasing fluid, even when the system pressure is within normal operating range. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause?

<p>The valve is damaged or has a worn seal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might the functionality of a foot valve MOST directly contribute to the efficient operation of a water pump?

<p>By preventing backflow and maintaining pump prime. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MAIN operational advantage of using a slide valve in applications involving abrasive or viscous fluids?

<p>Slide valves are less prone to clogging and erosion due to their straight-through design. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the design phase of a chemical processing plant, engineers are deciding on valve types. For a line that needs to be completely shut off during emergencies, but otherwise remains open, which type of valve would be MOST appropriate?

<p>Gate valve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a system where a globe valve is replaced with a ball valve of the same size, what change in system characteristics is MOST likely to be observed?

<p>Lower pressure drop across the valve when fully open. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a pressure relief valve when the upstream pressure returns to normal after an overpressure event?

<p>It automatically closes to seal the system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a compressed air system, a technician observes that an angle valve is causing excessive noise and vibration when partially open. What is the MOST likely reason for this?

<p>The sharp turns in the valve are inducing turbulence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A diaphragm valve is chosen for a pharmaceutical application. Why might this be a suitable choice compared to other valve types?

<p>It allows for quick and easy cleaning with minimal dead space. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For remote, automated operation of a valve in a pipeline, which type of valve would be MOST suitable?

<p>Ball valve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are safety-relief valves installed in many industrial pressurized systems?

<p>To protect equipment and personnel from overpressure situations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a situation where there's a need to minimize the risk of fluid contamination in a sterile process application, which of the valve types would be MOST appropriate?

<p>Diaphragm valve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the PRIMARY function of back-pressure regulating valves?

<p>Maintaining a set pressure upstream of the valve. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of valve would be LEAST suitable for use with fluids containing large solid particles?

<p>Needle valve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MAIN reason for choosing a butterfly valve over a gate valve in large-diameter pipelines?

<p>Butterfly valves are lighter and more compact, reducing installation costs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of a valve's operation, what does 'throttling' primarily refer to?

<p>Gradually regulating the flow rate of a fluid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Block or Stop Valves

Valves that prevent flow in one or more directions

Gate Valve

A common example of a block valve that uses a sliding gate to control flow.

Throttling Valves

Valves whose closure element can start, stop and regulate flow efficiently.

Globe Valve

A type of throttling valve with a spherical disc used to regulate flow.

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Angle Valve

A throttling valve where the inlet and outlet are at a 90-degree angle.

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Needle Valve

A throttling valve with a needle-shaped plunger for fine flow control.

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Butterfly Valve

A throttling valve that uses a rotating disc to control flow.

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Diaphragm Valve

A throttling valve that utilizes a flexible diaphragm to control flow.

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Check Valves

Valves that allow flow in one direction only.

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Lift Check Valve

A type of check valve where the disc lifts vertically to allow flow.

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Swing Check Valve

A type of check valve where the disc swings open to allow flow.

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Foot Valve

A check valve installed at the bottom of a pump's suction line.

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Pressure Relief Valves

Valves that protect systems from over-pressure.

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Safety Valve

A type of pressure relief valve designed for safety.

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Relief Valve

A pressure relief valve that opens proportionally to the overpressure.

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Safety-Relief Valve

A combined safety and relief valve.

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Back-Pressure Relief Valve

A valve regulating upstream pressure by controlling backpressure.

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Study Notes

  • Valves have four classifications: block or stop valves, throttling valves, check valves, and pressure relief valves.

Block or Stop Valves

  • Block or stop valves can prevent movement in one or more directions.
  • In the petroleum industry, block valves prevent or allow motion without being restricted.
  • Common examples include: gate valves, slide valves, plug valves, and ball valves.

Throttling Valves

  • Throttling valves allow operators to regulate flow.
  • Their closure element can start and stop flow at any position of the valve stroke.
  • This allows efficient regulation of flow with regards to temperature and/or pressure.
  • Throttling valves include: globe valves, angle valves, needle valves, butterfly valves, and diaphragm valves.

Check Valves

  • Check valves only permit flow in one direction, preventing flow in the opposite direction.
  • They are classified as one-way directional valves because they prevent back flow in lines.
  • Media flow opens the valve in the required direction. Flow in the opposite direction closes the valve.
  • Check valves include: lift check valves, swing-check valves, and foot valves.
  • A foot valve is a swing check valve operating in a vertical position.

Pressure Relief Valves

  • Pressure relief valves protect systems from over-pressure.
  • They maintain safe operating pressure
  • Pressure relief valves include: safety valves, relief valves, safety-relief valves, and back-pressure regulating valves.
  • A pressure spring is used to maintain constant force acting on the backside of the valve disk, keeping it closed.
  • The valve opens when fluid pressure exceeds the constant force exerted by the spring.
  • Fluid then exits the valve.

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