The Great Depression and The New Deal

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Questions and Answers

What was a primary contributing factor to the widespread development of 'Hoovervilles' during the Great Depression?

  • Increased government subsidies for housing.
  • Massive unemployment and home foreclosures. (correct)
  • A surge in agricultural exports leading to rural poverty.
  • Rapid industrial growth without corresponding wage increases.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal aimed to address the Great Depression through what three core strategies?

  • Reconstruction, Revenue, and Reorganization.
  • Relief, Recovery, and Reform. (correct)
  • Retrenchment, Revaluation, and Reassurance.
  • Restraint, Regulation, and Redistribution

How did the economic pressures of the Great Depression typically affect minority groups in the workforce?

  • Minorities experienced no change in employment rates compared to the pre-Depression era.
  • Minorities saw increased job security due to protective labor laws implemented during the Depression.
  • Minorities benefited from targeted employment programs that offset discriminatory practices.
  • Minorities were often the 'last hired, first fired,' exacerbating existing inequalities. (correct)

What is the historical significance of the 'Scottsboro Nine' case?

<p>It exposed significant racial injustice within the American legal system. (D)</p>
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The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) of 1933 faced opposition for what primary reason?

<p>Its provisions promoting collective bargaining were seen as a threat to business autonomy. (D)</p>
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What was the main purpose of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) of 1933?

<p>To stabilize farm prices by paying farmers to reduce surplus production. (A)</p>
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Which of the following best describes the primary objective of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)?

<p>Employing young men in environmental conservation projects. (C)</p>
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The Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 sought to address which critical issue in the banking industry?

<p>Conflicts of interest arising from commercial and investment banking activities. (C)</p>
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What regulatory oversight was established by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in 1934?

<p>Regulating the stock market and preventing corporate abuses. (D)</p>
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The Social Security Act of 1935 established which core provisions for American citizens?

<p>Unemployment insurance, old-age pensions, and aid to families with dependent children. (D)</p>
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Flashcards

Hoovervilles

Makeshift shanty towns during the Great Depression, named after President Hoover, who was blamed for the crisis.

Roosevelt's Three R's

President Roosevelt's strategy to combat the Great Depression, focusing on immediate assistance, economic growth, and long-term changes.

Scottsboro Nine

Nine African American teenagers falsely accused of raping two white women in Alabama in 1931, highlighting racial injustice.

National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)

A law passed in 1933 to promote industrial recovery through fair practice codes and to stimulate the economy.

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Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

A law passed in 1933 to boost agricultural prices by reducing surpluses; declared unconstitutional in 1936.

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Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

A public works project that provided jobs for young men (18-25) in environmental conservation.

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Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

Created to oversee stock transactions, prevent fraud, and ensure transparency and fairness in trading markets.

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Social Security Act

Landmark legislation enacting a system of old-age benefits, unemployment insurance, and aid to families.

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Study Notes

  • The Great Depression led to the rise of impoverished shanty towns known as Hoovervilles.
  • Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal aimed to address the Depression through the "three R's": Relief, Recovery, and Reform.
  • Minorities experienced discrimination during the Depression, often being the "last hired, first fired", with the New Deal programs providing limited assistance.
  • The Scottsboro Nine case highlighted racial injustice in the legal system.
  • The New Deal faced opposition from various groups.
  • Key New Deal Legislation from 1933:

1933 New Deal Legislation

  • National Industrial Recovery Act
  • Agricultural Adjustment Act
  • Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
  • Public Works Administration (PWA)
  • Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
  • Glass-Steagall Act

1934 New Deal Legislation

  • Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) was established.
  • Social Security Act was enacted.

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