Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which action exemplifies FDR's departure from the interventionist policies of Taft and Wilson?
Which action exemplifies FDR's departure from the interventionist policies of Taft and Wilson?
- Intervening in the civil war in Spain.
- Extending loans to countries at war.
- Increasing military presence in Latin America.
- Negotiating the removal of U.S. troops from Nicaragua and Haiti. (correct)
The Neutrality Act of 1935 allowed Americans to sell arms to countries engaged in civil wars.
The Neutrality Act of 1935 allowed Americans to sell arms to countries engaged in civil wars.
False (B)
The Neutrality Act of 1936 prohibited the extension of ______ and ______ to belligerents.
The Neutrality Act of 1936 prohibited the extension of ______ and ______ to belligerents.
loans, credits
What did the Neutrality Act of 1937 specifically forbid?
What did the Neutrality Act of 1937 specifically forbid?
Match the event with the country in which appeasement occurred before WWII.
Match the event with the country in which appeasement occurred before WWII.
Which factors significantly contributed to FDR's reelection victory in 1940?
Which factors significantly contributed to FDR's reelection victory in 1940?
How did the U.S. government primarily finance its increased spending during WWII?
How did the U.S. government primarily finance its increased spending during WWII?
Name two main objectives the British and Americans focused on in 1942 to coordinate their military strategy.
Name two main objectives the British and Americans focused on in 1942 to coordinate their military strategy.
After victory in Europe, Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin agreed that Germany would remain a unified nation under Allied supervision.
After victory in Europe, Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin agreed that Germany would remain a unified nation under Allied supervision.
What agreement was NOT reached by Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin after the victory in Europe?
What agreement was NOT reached by Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin after the victory in Europe?
Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin agreed that the Soviets would control the southern half of ______ Island and the ______ Islands in the Pacific.
Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin agreed that the Soviets would control the southern half of ______ Island and the ______ Islands in the Pacific.
What was one of the key agreements reached at the Potsdam Conference in July-August 1945?
What was one of the key agreements reached at the Potsdam Conference in July-August 1945?
The Potsdam Declaration demanded unconditional surrender from Germany.
The Potsdam Declaration demanded unconditional surrender from Germany.
Besides demanding unconditional surrender from Japan, what else did the three leaders agree to at Potsdam, Germany?
Besides demanding unconditional surrender from Japan, what else did the three leaders agree to at Potsdam, Germany?
How did FDR circumvent the Neutrality Acts prior to formally entering World War II?
How did FDR circumvent the Neutrality Acts prior to formally entering World War II?
The 'Cash and Carry' policy allowed belligerent nations to purchase goods from the U.S. using loans from American banks.
The 'Cash and Carry' policy allowed belligerent nations to purchase goods from the U.S. using loans from American banks.
Under the Lend-Lease Act, the United States provided military aid to Allied nations based on the idea that it was like ______ a neighbor's equipment during a fire.
Under the Lend-Lease Act, the United States provided military aid to Allied nations based on the idea that it was like ______ a neighbor's equipment during a fire.
What was the primary economic effect of World War II on the United States?
What was the primary economic effect of World War II on the United States?
Besides raising income taxes, what specific type of financial instrument did the U.S. government use to fund the war effort during World War II?
Besides raising income taxes, what specific type of financial instrument did the U.S. government use to fund the war effort during World War II?
Match the following events with the corresponding year:
Match the following events with the corresponding year:
What key strategic advantage did the Allied forces aim to achieve by bombing German cities?
What key strategic advantage did the Allied forces aim to achieve by bombing German cities?
The primary goal of Allied forces in the Atlantic during 1942 was to establish naval dominance over the German surface fleet.
The primary goal of Allied forces in the Atlantic during 1942 was to establish naval dominance over the German surface fleet.
The agreement at Yalta, later confirmed at Potsdam, stipulated that ______ elections would be held in the liberated countries of Eastern Europe after the war.
The agreement at Yalta, later confirmed at Potsdam, stipulated that ______ elections would be held in the liberated countries of Eastern Europe after the war.
Which territories did the Soviet Union gain control over as a result of agreements made at the Yalta and Potsdam conferences?
Which territories did the Soviet Union gain control over as a result of agreements made at the Yalta and Potsdam conferences?
What was the strategic importance of the Soviet Union's entry into the war against Japan?
What was the strategic importance of the Soviet Union's entry into the war against Japan?
The agreements at Yalta and Potsdam ensured that the United Nations would be headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
The agreements at Yalta and Potsdam ensured that the United Nations would be headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
What was the main purpose of forming the United Nations?
What was the main purpose of forming the United Nations?
According to agreements made at Yalta, the Soviets would enter the war against Japan on August 8, ______.
According to agreements made at Yalta, the Soviets would enter the war against Japan on August 8, ______.
Which of the following best describes the concept of appeasement as it relates to the period before World War II?
Which of the following best describes the concept of appeasement as it relates to the period before World War II?
FDR's policy of intervening in Latin American affairs was a continuation of policies enacted by Taft and Wilson.
FDR's policy of intervening in Latin American affairs was a continuation of policies enacted by Taft and Wilson.
What country's civil war prompted the Neutrality Act of 1937?
What country's civil war prompted the Neutrality Act of 1937?
Prior to the US entry into World War II, FDR arranged for US troops to leave ______ by 1933.
Prior to the US entry into World War II, FDR arranged for US troops to leave ______ by 1933.
In 1945, the U.S. spent approximately how much on its war effort?
In 1945, the U.S. spent approximately how much on its war effort?
The Neutrality Acts of the 1930s were designed to increase US involvement in European conflicts.
The Neutrality Acts of the 1930s were designed to increase US involvement in European conflicts.
What specific event led to the end of US neutrality and the American declaration of war?
What specific event led to the end of US neutrality and the American declaration of war?
One of the agreements at Potsdam was to demand that ______ surrender unconditionally.
One of the agreements at Potsdam was to demand that ______ surrender unconditionally.
What was the Lend-Lease Act?
What was the Lend-Lease Act?
The Atlantic Charter was a treaty between the U.S. and Japan.
The Atlantic Charter was a treaty between the U.S. and Japan.
What was the main goal of the 'America First' movement?
What was the main goal of the 'America First' movement?
The code name for the Allied invasion of Normandy was ______.
The code name for the Allied invasion of Normandy was ______.
Match the following battles with their significance:
Match the following battles with their significance:
Which action represents FDR's shift away from interventionist policies, previously enacted by Taft and Wilson?
Which action represents FDR's shift away from interventionist policies, previously enacted by Taft and Wilson?
The Neutrality Act of 1935 permitted the sale of arms to countries engaged in war, provided they were democracies fighting against authoritarian regimes.
The Neutrality Act of 1935 permitted the sale of arms to countries engaged in war, provided they were democracies fighting against authoritarian regimes.
The Neutrality Act of 1936 expanded upon the 1935 act by forbidding the extension of ______ and credits to belligerents.
The Neutrality Act of 1936 expanded upon the 1935 act by forbidding the extension of ______ and credits to belligerents.
What action did the Neutrality Act of 1937 take regarding the civil war in Spain?
What action did the Neutrality Act of 1937 take regarding the civil war in Spain?
Match the following instances with the concept of appeasement:
Match the following instances with the concept of appeasement:
Which factors were most significant in contributing to FDR's reelection victory in 1940?
Which factors were most significant in contributing to FDR's reelection victory in 1940?
To finance the massive increase in spending during World War II, the U.S. government exclusively relied on increasing income tax rates.
To finance the massive increase in spending during World War II, the U.S. government exclusively relied on increasing income tax rates.
In 1942, what were the two primary objectives that the British and Americans focused on to coordinate their military strategy?
In 1942, what were the two primary objectives that the British and Americans focused on to coordinate their military strategy?
What were the main agreements reached by Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin regarding Germany after victory in Europe?
What were the main agreements reached by Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin regarding Germany after victory in Europe?
The leaders agreed to demand that ______ surrender unconditionally at Potsdam, Germany.
The leaders agreed to demand that ______ surrender unconditionally at Potsdam, Germany.
What specific actions did FDR take to reverse the interventionist policies of Taft and Wilson?
What specific actions did FDR take to reverse the interventionist policies of Taft and Wilson?
The Neutrality Act of 1935 allowed American citizens to travel on ships belonging to nations at war, at their own risk.
The Neutrality Act of 1935 allowed American citizens to travel on ships belonging to nations at war, at their own risk.
To what extent did the Neutrality Acts shape U.S. foreign policy in the years leading up to World War II?
To what extent did the Neutrality Acts shape U.S. foreign policy in the years leading up to World War II?
The policy of ______ is demonstrated by actions such as the annexation of the Sudetenland.
The policy of ______ is demonstrated by actions such as the annexation of the Sudetenland.
How did the economic conditions in 1940 contribute to FDR's reelection?
How did the economic conditions in 1940 contribute to FDR's reelection?
During World War II, the sale of war bonds was a minor component of financing the war effort, with the majority of funds coming from increased income taxes.
During World War II, the sale of war bonds was a minor component of financing the war effort, with the majority of funds coming from increased income taxes.
What strategic importance did overcoming the German submarine menace in the Atlantic have for the Allies?
What strategic importance did overcoming the German submarine menace in the Atlantic have for the Allies?
What specific agreements were made regarding the Soviet Union at the Yalta Conference after victory in Europe was achieved?
What specific agreements were made regarding the Soviet Union at the Yalta Conference after victory in Europe was achieved?
At Potsdam, the Allies discussed the terms of [BLANK]'s defeat.
At Potsdam, the Allies discussed the terms of [BLANK]'s defeat.
How did FDR's approach to foreign policy differ from those of Presidents Taft and Wilson?
How did FDR's approach to foreign policy differ from those of Presidents Taft and Wilson?
The Neutrality Acts of the 1930s were designed to ensure that the United States would be fully prepared to assist Allied nations in the event of a major war.
The Neutrality Acts of the 1930s were designed to ensure that the United States would be fully prepared to assist Allied nations in the event of a major war.
How did the policy of appeasement contribute to the outbreak of World War II?
How did the policy of appeasement contribute to the outbreak of World War II?
The ______ allowed Germany to annex part of Czechoslovakia.
The ______ allowed Germany to annex part of Czechoslovakia.
Besides the recovering economy, what other factor helped solidify FDR's victory?
Besides the recovering economy, what other factor helped solidify FDR's victory?
The increase in income tax during World War II primarily affected only the wealthiest Americans, with little impact on the middle class.
The increase in income tax during World War II primarily affected only the wealthiest Americans, with little impact on the middle class.
What was the significance of bombing raids on German cities in 1942?
What was the significance of bombing raids on German cities in 1942?
What territorial concessions were granted to the Soviet Union in exchange for their entry into the war against Japan??
What territorial concessions were granted to the Soviet Union in exchange for their entry into the war against Japan??
The ______ Declaration was signed in Postdam, Germany.
The ______ Declaration was signed in Postdam, Germany.
Which action best represents FDR's reversal of previous interventionist policies?
Which action best represents FDR's reversal of previous interventionist policies?
The Neutrality Acts of the 1930s explicitly authorized the U.S. government to provide financial assistance to countries fighting against aggression, as long as the aid was non-military.
The Neutrality Acts of the 1930s explicitly authorized the U.S. government to provide financial assistance to countries fighting against aggression, as long as the aid was non-military.
In what ways did appeasement influence the decisions of leaders like Neville Chamberlain in dealing with Adolf Hitler?
In what ways did appeasement influence the decisions of leaders like Neville Chamberlain in dealing with Adolf Hitler?
The invasion of ______ by Italy was an example of appeasement.
The invasion of ______ by Italy was an example of appeasement.
How did the improving U.S. economy in 1940 influence voters' perceptions of FDR's leadership?
How did the improving U.S. economy in 1940 influence voters' perceptions of FDR's leadership?
The U.S. government primarily funded its World War II spending by borrowing from foreign governments and international institutions.
The U.S. government primarily funded its World War II spending by borrowing from foreign governments and international institutions.
What primary threats did the Allies face in 1942 that made overcoming the German submarine menace a top priority?
What primary threats did the Allies face in 1942 that made overcoming the German submarine menace a top priority?
What were some of the long-term consequences of the agreements made at Yalta and Potsdam regarding the Soviet Union's role in Eastern Europe and Asia?
What were some of the long-term consequences of the agreements made at Yalta and Potsdam regarding the Soviet Union's role in Eastern Europe and Asia?
The three main leaders who met at Postdam were ______, ______, and ______.
The three main leaders who met at Postdam were ______, ______, and ______.
Match the Neutrality Acts with their specific provisions:
Match the Neutrality Acts with their specific provisions:
Which of the following best describes the agreements reached at the Yalta Conference regarding the post-war world?
Which of the following best describes the agreements reached at the Yalta Conference regarding the post-war world?
What was the significance of the decision to hold war-crime trials of Nazi leaders at the conclusion of World War II?
What was the significance of the decision to hold war-crime trials of Nazi leaders at the conclusion of World War II?
FDR sought to involve America in overseas conflicts, differentiating himself from previous non-interventionist presidents.
FDR sought to involve America in overseas conflicts, differentiating himself from previous non-interventionist presidents.
What policy change did Franklin D. Roosevelt enact regarding U.S. involvement in Nicaragua and Haiti?
What policy change did Franklin D. Roosevelt enact regarding U.S. involvement in Nicaragua and Haiti?
The Neutrality Act of 1935 permitted Americans to sell arms to countries engaged in civil wars.
The Neutrality Act of 1935 permitted Americans to sell arms to countries engaged in civil wars.
What did the Neutrality Act of 1936 prohibit?
What did the Neutrality Act of 1936 prohibit?
The Neutrality Act of 1937 specifically forbade the shipment of arms to opposing sides in the civil war in ______.
The Neutrality Act of 1937 specifically forbade the shipment of arms to opposing sides in the civil war in ______.
Match the event with the location where appeasement occurred:
Match the event with the location where appeasement occurred:
Which of the following was a significant factor in Franklin D. Roosevelt's reelection in 1940?
Which of the following was a significant factor in Franklin D. Roosevelt's reelection in 1940?
How did the U.S. government primarily finance the immense increase in spending during World War II?
How did the U.S. government primarily finance the immense increase in spending during World War II?
What were the two primary objectives that the British and Americans concentrated on in 1942 regarding their military strategy?
What were the two primary objectives that the British and Americans concentrated on in 1942 regarding their military strategy?
Name three agreements made by Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin after victory in Europe.
Name three agreements made by Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin after victory in Europe.
What concession was granted to the Soviets in the Pacific following agreements between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin?
What concession was granted to the Soviets in the Pacific following agreements between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin?
At the Potsdam Conference, Allied leaders agreed to an immediate invasion of Japan to force their surrender.
At the Potsdam Conference, Allied leaders agreed to an immediate invasion of Japan to force their surrender.
What was a key agreement made at the Potsdam Conference regarding Nazi leaders?
What was a key agreement made at the Potsdam Conference regarding Nazi leaders?
The Soviets entered the war against Japan on August 8, 1945, just as ______ was about to surrender.
The Soviets entered the war against Japan on August 8, 1945, just as ______ was about to surrender.
Why did voters prefer to stay with FDR in the election of 1940?
Why did voters prefer to stay with FDR in the election of 1940?
What two methods did the government use to pay for increased spending in 1945?
What two methods did the government use to pay for increased spending in 1945?
The British and Americans focused on bombing Japan during 1942.
The British and Americans focused on bombing Japan during 1942.
When did the Soviets enter the war against Japan?
When did the Soviets enter the war against Japan?
Match the following with their year:
Match the following with their year:
After victory in Europe was achieved, Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin agreed that a new world peace organization would be formed at a conference in San ______.
After victory in Europe was achieved, Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin agreed that a new world peace organization would be formed at a conference in San ______.
At which conference did Allied leaders agree to demand Japan's unconditional surrender?
At which conference did Allied leaders agree to demand Japan's unconditional surrender?
Flashcards
FDR's reversal of interventionist policies
FDR's reversal of interventionist policies
Arranging for U.S. troop withdrawal from Nicaragua by 1933 and negotiating a treaty with Haiti for U.S. troop removal by 1934.
Neutrality Act of 1935
Neutrality Act of 1935
Made it illegal for Americans to sell arms to any country at war.
Neutrality Act of 1936
Neutrality Act of 1936
Forbade the extension of loans and credits to belligerents.
Neutrality Act of 1937
Neutrality Act of 1937
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Appeasement examples?
Appeasement examples?
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Factors in FDR's 1940 reelection
Factors in FDR's 1940 reelection
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WWII funding sources
WWII funding sources
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Allied military objectives in 1942
Allied military objectives in 1942
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Agreements after victory in Europe
Agreements after victory in Europe
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Potsdam agreements
Potsdam agreements
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Study Notes
- Franklin Delano Roosevelt ended interventionist policies of Taft and Wilson.
- He arranged for U.S. troops to leave Nicaragua by 1933.
- He negotiated a treaty with Haiti to remove all U.S. troops by 1934.
Neutrality Acts
- The Neutrality Act of 1935 made it illegal for Americans to sell arms to any country at war.
- The Neutrality Act of 1936 forbade the extension of loans and credits to belligerents
- The Neutrality Act of 1937 forbade the shipment of arms to the opposing sides in the civil war in Spain
Appeasement
-
Appeasement occurred in:
- Ethiopia in 1935
- Rhineland in 1936
- China in 1937
- Sudetenland in 1938
-
Key factors in Franklin Delano Roosevelt's 1940 reelection:
- Strong economic recovery enhanced by defense purchases
- Fear of war, which caused voters to stay with the more experienced leader.
War Financing
- The government paid for increased spending by:
- Increasing the income tax
- Selling war bonds
- $100 billion was spent on the war in 1945 alone
Allied Military Strategy (1942)
- British and Americans concentrated on two objectives in 1942:
- Overcoming the menace of German submarines in the Atlantic
- Beginning bombing raids on German cities
Agreements After Victory in Europe
- Germany was divided into occupation zones.
- Free elections were to be held in liberated countries of Eastern Europe, even though Soviet troops controlled the territory.
- The Soviets entered the war against Japan on August 8, 1945.
- This was just as Japan was about to surrender
- The Soviets would control the southern half of Sakhalin Island and the Kurile Islands in the Pacific.
- The Soviets would have special concessions in Manchuria
- A new world peace organization (the future United Nations) would be formed.
- It would be formed at a conference in San Francisco
Potsdam Conference (July 17-August 2, 1945)
- The three leaders met in Potsdam, Germany.
- The goals of the meeting were:
- To demand that Japan surrender unconditionally
- To hold war-crime trials of Nazi leaders
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Description
overview of Franklin Delano Roosevelt's foreign policies, including troop withdrawals and neutrality legislation. It covers the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937, which restricted American involvement in foreign conflicts. Also discusses appeasement and war financing.
