Population Dynamics: Births, Deaths, and Migration

• Birth rate more than death rate leads to a population increase.
• Birth rate and death rate being the same means the population stays the same.
• Death rate being more than birth rate leads to population decreases.

Population Balance

• Migration impacts population size within a country or between countries.
• Emigrants are people who leave a country.
• Immigrants are those who arrive in a country.
• Countries, such as the United States of America and Australia, have gained in-numbers by in-migration or immigration.
• Sudan: an example of a country that has experienced a loss in population due to out-migration, or emigration.
• International migrations generally occur from less developed nations to more developed nations in search of better employment opportunities.
• Large numbers of people may move from rural to urban areas in search of employment, education and health facilities.

Patterns of Population Change

• Population growth rates vary across the world.
• The world's total population is rising rapidly, but not all countries are experiencing this growth.
• Some countries, such as Kenya, have high population growth rates because they have both high birth rates and death rates.
• Improving health care has decreased death rates, but birth rates still remain high, leading to high growth rates.
• In other countries, such as the United Kingdom, population growth is slowing because of both low death and birth rates.