Pediatric Hip Dysplasia and Dislocation= note

What anatomical structure is MOST affected in acetabular dysplasia?

Up to what age should you examine a baby to catch late hip dislocations?

What is the MOST common hip disorder in children?

Which term is now preferred over "congenital hip dysplasia"?

Which of the following BEST describes a subluxatable hip?

In the context of hip dysplasia, what does a 'reducible' hip refer to?

In hip dysplasia, what does 'irreducible' refer to?

What is the approximate incidence of hip dysplasia at birth?

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the etiology of hip dysplasia?

Which of the following is a known risk factor for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)?

What percentage of deliveries are breech?

How do the quadriceps muscles contribute to hip dysplasia?

What is the typical ratio of occurrence of hip dysplasia in girls compared to boys?

Following the description of muscle action leading to hip dysplasia, which direction is the hip MOST likely to slip?

True or False: It is important to get X-rays to diagnose hip dysplasia.

What is the MOST reliable method for diagnosing hip dysplasia?

Which sign is associated with dislocation?

What indicates dislocation based on symmetry of skin folds?

What does a positive Ortolani test indicate?

What combination of findings are expected in a normal neonate?

What is the correct order of maneuvers when examining a neonate for hip dysplasia?

When does the abduction test become more reliable?

If one or both hips become dislocated at or around birth, a predictable series of changes occur. What is the first change?

What is the term for the finding of a shortened femur in hip dislocation?

What does the Hilgenreiner line measure?

What is the MOST commonly used treatment modality in the US for hip dysplasia in the neonatal period?

What does the Pavlik Harness do?

Why does extreme abduction increase risk for avascular necrosis in DDH?

In the von Rosen view, how are the hips positioned during radiography?

Which of the following statements accurately describes Shenton's line in the context of hip radiography?

Which condition requires fixing the proximal femur?

What does the Y-Line measure?

A newborn displays a positive Barlow test. What is the MOST appropriate next step in management?

In the context of DDH, what is the significance of the iliopsoas tendon?

A 6-month-old infant presents with limited hip abduction on the left side. Ortolani and Barlow tests are negative. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate next step?

A 3-month-old infant is being treated with a Pavlik harness for DDH. At a follow-up appointment, the physician notes persistent hip subluxation on examination and imaging. What is the MOST appropriate next step?

A 1-year-old child presents with a painless limp. Radiographs reveal unilateral hip dislocation with a shallow acetabulum and femoral head ossification delay. What is the MOST appropriate management strategy?

Which of the following accurately reflects the impact of age on treatment outcomes of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)?

Hip dysplasia and dislocation are uncommon in children.

What term is used to describe hips that are unstable and manually dislocatable?

A femoral head that is out and NOT able to be reduced is considered ______.

Match the following hip conditions with their descriptions:

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)?

Breech presentation increases the risk of hip dysplasia due to the in utero position.

In breech presentations, what position are the knees and hips typically in, predisposing the infant to hip dysplasia?

The typical in-utero position of knees and hips is ______, with feet crossed and around the buttocks.

Which muscle group contributes to upward, outward, and lateral slipping of the hip due to contracture in hip flexion?

In the context of hip dysplasia, relying solely on X-rays is preferable to clinical examination due to its higher accuracy.

Which clinical finding is MOST reliable for indicating hip dislocation in infants?

What is the name of the sign used to describe the ability to displace a mobile proximal femur in a dislocated hip?

A positive Ortolani's test indicates a dislocated hip that is ______.

A normal neonate should have positive Ortolani's, Barlow's, and Palmen's tests.

After 8 weeks of age, which test becomes more reliable than provocative tests like Ortolani and Barlow for assessing hip stability?

What is the fatty plug that impedes the relocation of the femoral head within the acetabulum called?

What is the name of the line used as reference for Perkin's line and measurement of the acetabular angle?

In the context of a von Rosen view X-ray, the AP of the pelvis is taken while the examiner internally rotates the hips ______ degrees.