Operations Management Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following characteristics of a product can qualify it for purchase by a customer?

  • Positioning
  • Order winners
  • Core competency
  • Order qualifiers (correct)

Which type of demand items are used in the process of producing a final product?

  • Independent
  • Cyclical
  • Dependent (correct)
  • Seasonal

Which of the following describes an up-and-down movement in demand that repeats itself over a lengthy time period of more than a year?

  • Random variation
  • Cycle (correct)
  • Seasonal pattern
  • Trend

What other name is a periodic inventory system known by?

<p>Fixed-time period system (B)</p>
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Which of the following is NOT typically considered an enabler of efficient supply chain management?

<p>Price tags (C)</p>
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E-procurement is generally beneficial, with the exception of which of the following?

<p>Fewer transactions (A)</p>
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What is a primary driver for companies choosing to go global?

<p>All of these answer choices are correct (D)</p>
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Which of the following activities is NOT typically included in distribution?

<p>Sourcing (A)</p>
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What is the term for breaking down a job into a series of smaller tasks, each performed by a different worker?

<p>Division of labor (C)</p>
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Which type of forecasting methods rely on judgment, opinion, past experiences, or best guesses?

<p>Qualitative (B)</p>
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Which inventory management system do companies frequently use to require their suppliers to minimize inventory levels?

<p>Continuous (C)</p>
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How is inventory turnover typically calculated?

<p>Dividing the cost of goods sold by the average aggregate inventory value (A)</p>
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Which mode of transportation is associated with long life, high capital cost, and low operating costs?

<p>Pipeline (A)</p>
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What does the selection of a forecasting method depend on?

<p>All of the above (C)</p>
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Supply chain management is primarily focused on integrating and managing the flow of what?

<p>All the above (A)</p>
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Which classification system categorizes inventory based on its dollar value to the firm?

<p>ABC (B)</p>
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Which forecast method combines an exponentially smoothed forecast with a trend adjustment factor?

<p>Adjusted exponentially smoothed (D)</p>
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Which forecasting approach uses the demand observed in the most recent period to predict demand in the upcoming period?

<p>Naïve (A)</p>
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What is a potential effect of the bullwhip effect?

<p>Increase inventories (B)</p>
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What factors are considered in the quantity discount model?

<p>All the above (D)</p>
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What would the measure for the ratio of a firm’s monthly output to the number of labor hours used in accounting be called?

<p>labor productivity (B)</p>
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Which of the following is NOT a typical feature or function of a warehouse management system?

<p>vendor management (A)</p>
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Which is NOT a key to effective supply chain management?

<p>independence among members (D)</p>
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Which of the following is NOT typically assumed in the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model?

<p>lead time is determined by quantity ordered (C)</p>
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Which of the following is NOT one of the four primary functional areas of a firm?

<p>legal (B)</p>
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Which of the following are not factors that contribute to uncertainty?

<p>Human Resources (D)</p>
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A probability where the inventory that is available during lead time will fulfill the requests is called

<p>Service Level (C)</p>
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The process of dividing work into a series of small tasks, each performed by different workers is

<p>Divison of Labor (C)</p>
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In the moving average, demand in the current period is used as a forecast for the next period which is known as

<p>Naive forecast (D)</p>
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The movement of demands up and down that occur periodically is called

<p>Cycle (A)</p>
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Flashcards

Order Qualifiers

Characteristics that qualify a product to be considered for purchase

Dependent Demand

Demand items used in producing a final product.

Demand Cycle

Movement in demand that repeats over a lengthy time period.

Fixed-Time Period System

Inventory system with orders at fixed time intervals.

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SCM Enablers

Technology enablers for efficient supply chain management.

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E-Procurement Benefits

Benefits of procuring online

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Global Expansion Drivers

Drivers for companies to expand around the world

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Distribution

The process of getting products to the right place

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Division of Labor

Dividing complex work into smaller, specialized tasks

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Qualitative Methods

Forecasting based on experience and judgment.

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Vendor-Managed Inventory (VMI)

Inventory management where suppliers manage stock levels.

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Inventory Turnover

Metric to measure how efficiently inventory is managed

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Pipeline

Transport mode with high capital but low operating costs.

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Forecasting Method Selection

Depends on forecast time frame, demand behavior, causes

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Supply Chain Management (SCM)

Focuses on integrating and managing the flow of goods and data.

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ABC Classification

Inventory classification based on value to the firm.

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Adjusted Exponentially Smoothed Forecast

Forecast method with trend adjustment.

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Naïve Method

Uses the last period's demand as the forecast.

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Bullwhip effect implications

Inventory and service level fluctuations

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Quantity Discount Model

Discounts for larger orders

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Labor Productivity

Ratio of output to labor hours used

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Warehouse operations

Feature of activities related to managing a warehouse.

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Effective SCM

Keys to supply chain success.

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EOQ model

Assumptions of the Economic Order Quantity model.

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The primary funtional areas of a firm

Operations, marketing & sales, product service

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Yang bukan merupakan faktor?

Faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap ketidakpastian?

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Service Level?

Probabilitas dimana inventaris yang tersedia selama lead time akan memenuhi permintaan

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ketidakpastian adalah

Yang bukan merupakan faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap ketidakpastian adalah?

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Study Notes

  • Characteristics make a product suitable for purchase by a customer, including order qualifiers and order winners.
  • Demand items are utilized in the production of a final product, and classified as dependent.
  • A cycle is a repetitive up-and-down movement in demand occurring over a time period longer than a year.
  • A periodic inventory system is identified as a fixed-time period system.
  • Price tags is not an enabler of efficient supply chain management.
  • E-procurement benefits include lower prices, faster delivery, fewer transactions, and not reduced labor.
  • Companies go global for various reasons, like access to new tech, reliable sources of supply, and favorable costs. All of these answers are correct.
  • Distribution involves activities like storing, shipping, and packaging.
  • Sourcing is not an activity included in distribution.
  • Dividing a job into small tasks, each done by a different worker, is known as division of labor.
  • Forecast methods relying on judgment, opinion, past experiences, or best guesses are deemed qualitative methods.
  • In efforts to reduce inventory, it's common for companies to require suppliers to use a continuous inventory management system.
  • Inventory turnover is computed by dividing the cost of goods sold by the average aggregate inventory value.
  • Long life, high capital cost, and low operating costs are typical of water transportation.
  • Selecting a forecasting method depends on causes of demand behavior, the forecast's time frame, and demand patterns. All of the above.
  • Supply chain management concentrates on integrating and managing the flow of goods, information, and services. All the above
  • The ABC classification system categorizes inventory based on its dollar value to the firm.
  • The adjusted exponentially smoothed forecast method is comprised of an exponentially smoothed forecast with a trend adjustment factor.
  • The naïve method forecasts demand by using demand from the previous period to predict demand in the next period.
  • The bullwhip effect can increase inventories.
  • The quantity discount model considers purchase price, ordering cost, and carrying cost. All the above.
  • Labor productivity is measured the firm’s monthly output to the number of labor hours used in the same month .
  • Vendor management is not a feature of a warehouse management system.
  • The independence among members is not a key to effective supply chain management.
  • Lead time is determined by quantity ordered is not assumption of the EOQ model.
  • A primary functiona area of a firm , is not legal.
  • Factors contributing to uncertainty include fluctuating lead times, inaccurate demand forecasts, and product changes. Human resources is not one.
  • The probability that available inventory during lead time meets demand is called service level.
  • Division of labor is the process where jobs are divided into small tasks performed by different workers.
  • In a moving average, using current demand as the forecast for the next period is known as the Naive forecast.
  • A cyclical movement refers to recurring ups and downs in demand.
  • Global Supply Chains reasons include response to changing demand, access to international markets, and advantageous costs . All the above
  • Using information systems in international logistics improves currency and language conversion, shipping tracking globally, and calculating transportation and conversion costs. All the above answers are correct.
  • Transportation management is not a feature found is in a Warehouse Management System.
  • Trust is not a key element for effective supply chain management.
  • Inquires for independent demand consist of goods used by external customers.
  • Time series is a forecasting based on historical demand data is called.
  • A transformative is a function or system converts inputs into outputs with added value.
  • Human Resources is not a factor that contributes to uncertainty.
  • A transformation is a function or systems that converts inputs inputs to outputs.
  • A reverse auction is an electronic market when buyers post their orders and suppliers bid.
  • A Cycle is upward or downward, a movement that occurs on a request.
  • Regression methods attempt to create mathematical relationships between demand and its influencing factors.
  • Interchangeable parts is a part that allows mass production.
  • Operations is not a function or system that converts inputs into higher value outputs.
  • Productivity is a ratio of output to input.
  • Using Machine Learning is not an example of tech in supply chain management.
  • Lean Production is the adaptation of mass production, as it puts emphasis on quality and flexibility.
  • Value Added Tax is an indirect tax on increased value from raw material to final product.
  • Responding to Changing Demand is an exception , with all others being reasons a management should Globalization go Global.
  • Supply Chain is easier to measure as it focused more on human resources and support services.

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