Podcast
Questions and Answers
Learning refers to the change in behavior potentiality.
Learning refers to the change in behavior potentiality.
True
Performance is the translation of learning potential into behavior.
Performance is the translation of learning potential into behavior.
True
High stress can lead to increased brain activity in areas of the brain that are responsible for higher-level learning.
High stress can lead to increased brain activity in areas of the brain that are responsible for higher-level learning.
False
Moderate levels of cortisol are associated with the highest performance on tasks.
Moderate levels of cortisol are associated with the highest performance on tasks.
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Which of the following are types of learning WITHOUT understanding? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are types of learning WITHOUT understanding? (Select all that apply)
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Rational Learning involves learning WITH understanding.
Rational Learning involves learning WITH understanding.
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What is an example of Associational Learning?
What is an example of Associational Learning?
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Appreciational Learning is the process of acquiring attitudes, ideas, satisfaction, and judgments concerning values.
Appreciational Learning is the process of acquiring attitudes, ideas, satisfaction, and judgments concerning values.
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Recency means that the most recently encountered information is more likely to be recalled.
Recency means that the most recently encountered information is more likely to be recalled.
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Frequency refers to the fact that knowledge encountered most often is more likely to be recalled.
Frequency refers to the fact that knowledge encountered most often is more likely to be recalled.
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Vividness is proportional to the clarity of the information.
Vividness is proportional to the clarity of the information.
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Exercise is the use of what has been learned to help its likelihood of being recalled.
Exercise is the use of what has been learned to help its likelihood of being recalled.
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Readiness refers to the efficiency of learning.
Readiness refers to the efficiency of learning.
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Our understanding of goal-setting, motivation, self-efficacy, and mindset is defined as "Goals".
Our understanding of goal-setting, motivation, self-efficacy, and mindset is defined as "Goals".
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A goal is an observable and measurable end result of several objectives that are to be accomplished in a given time frame.
A goal is an observable and measurable end result of several objectives that are to be accomplished in a given time frame.
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A "vision", as opposed to a "goal", is more specific and focuses on the specific actions needed to achieve a larger goal.
A "vision", as opposed to a "goal", is more specific and focuses on the specific actions needed to achieve a larger goal.
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Goals are important because they help motivate behavior.
Goals are important because they help motivate behavior.
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Goal setting theory is linked to task performance.
Goal setting theory is linked to task performance.
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Goals should be realistic, achievable, measurable, action-oriented, and relevant, in order to be effective.
Goals should be realistic, achievable, measurable, action-oriented, and relevant, in order to be effective.
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Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs suggests that higher-level needs must be satisfied before lower-level needs can be fulfilled.
Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs suggests that higher-level needs must be satisfied before lower-level needs can be fulfilled.
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Social Cognitive Theory emphasizes how cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors interact to determine behavior.
Social Cognitive Theory emphasizes how cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors interact to determine behavior.
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Self-efficacy is the belief in our own abilities.
Self-efficacy is the belief in our own abilities.
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According to Carol Dweck’s Growth Mindset Theory, individuals who believe that abilities are mostly innate have a "growth mindset".
According to Carol Dweck’s Growth Mindset Theory, individuals who believe that abilities are mostly innate have a "growth mindset".
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Stress is the body's response to a real or perceived threat.
Stress is the body's response to a real or perceived threat.
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Stress can only be harmful.
Stress can only be harmful.
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Positive stress (eustress) can help us achieve our goals and focus better.
Positive stress (eustress) can help us achieve our goals and focus better.
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Negative stress (distress) can result when we are under immense pressure and unable to cope with it.
Negative stress (distress) can result when we are under immense pressure and unable to cope with it.
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What are the three stages of stress response, according to Hans Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome?
What are the three stages of stress response, according to Hans Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome?
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Psychoneuroimmunology studies the relationship between psychological processes, the nervous system, and the immune system.
Psychoneuroimmunology studies the relationship between psychological processes, the nervous system, and the immune system.
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Type A personalities are more prone to developing heart disease than Type B personalities.
Type A personalities are more prone to developing heart disease than Type B personalities.
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Type C personalities are typically very pleasant but struggle to express negative emotions.
Type C personalities are typically very pleasant but struggle to express negative emotions.
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Type D personalities are characterized by negative emotions, social inhibition, and distress, often leading to social isolation.
Type D personalities are characterized by negative emotions, social inhibition, and distress, often leading to social isolation.
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The Compliant Filipino is a term that describes the tendency of Filipinos to be highly independent and assertive.
The Compliant Filipino is a term that describes the tendency of Filipinos to be highly independent and assertive.
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"Hiya" is a social value that emphasizes the importance of conforming to social expectations and avoiding situations that might bring shame.
"Hiya" is a social value that emphasizes the importance of conforming to social expectations and avoiding situations that might bring shame.
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"Utang na loob" is a cultural value that refers to the obligation to repay kindness and favors.
"Utang na loob" is a cultural value that refers to the obligation to repay kindness and favors.
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"Pakikisama" refers to the pressure to conform to social norms and expectations, which can create stress.
"Pakikisama" refers to the pressure to conform to social norms and expectations, which can create stress.
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Mental health is defined as a state of well-being where individuals realize their abilities, cope with normal stresses, work productively, and contribute to their community.
Mental health is defined as a state of well-being where individuals realize their abilities, cope with normal stresses, work productively, and contribute to their community.
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The Mental Health Continuum Model suggests that mental health is a fixed state rather than a spectrum.
The Mental Health Continuum Model suggests that mental health is a fixed state rather than a spectrum.
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Mental illness is a diagnosable condition that affects a person's thinking, emotional state, and behavior, and can disrupt their ability to function in daily life.
Mental illness is a diagnosable condition that affects a person's thinking, emotional state, and behavior, and can disrupt their ability to function in daily life.
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Mental distress is a more serious condition than a mental disorder and requires professional intervention.
Mental distress is a more serious condition than a mental disorder and requires professional intervention.
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The Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Illness integrates the psychological, environmental, and biological factors that contribute to mental illnesses and overall health.
The Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Illness integrates the psychological, environmental, and biological factors that contribute to mental illnesses and overall health.
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Neurochemicals are responsible for communication between different parts of the brain.
Neurochemicals are responsible for communication between different parts of the brain.
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The Cognitive-Behavioral Model proposes that our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected and influence each other.
The Cognitive-Behavioral Model proposes that our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected and influence each other.
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Cognitive distortions are inaccurate or irrational thought patterns that contribute to maladaptive behaviors.
Cognitive distortions are inaccurate or irrational thought patterns that contribute to maladaptive behaviors.
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The Social Aspect of Mental Health focuses on the social factors and relationships that contribute to mental health and well-being.
The Social Aspect of Mental Health focuses on the social factors and relationships that contribute to mental health and well-being.
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The Diathesis-Stress Model suggests that mental disorders are caused solely by environmental stressors.
The Diathesis-Stress Model suggests that mental disorders are caused solely by environmental stressors.
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The DOH estimates that at least 3.6 million Filipinos are experiencing mental health issues, particularly depression and substance use disorders, during the pandemic.
The DOH estimates that at least 3.6 million Filipinos are experiencing mental health issues, particularly depression and substance use disorders, during the pandemic.
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The "Sandwich Generation" refers to individuals who are caring for both their children and their aging parents, potentially creating additional stress.
The "Sandwich Generation" refers to individuals who are caring for both their children and their aging parents, potentially creating additional stress.
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Millennials have experienced more significant social and cultural shifts, leading to a destigmatization of mental health issues and increased awareness of mental well-being.
Millennials have experienced more significant social and cultural shifts, leading to a destigmatization of mental health issues and increased awareness of mental well-being.
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Filipino adolescents are experiencing a higher rate of depression, anxiety, and suicide attempts.
Filipino adolescents are experiencing a higher rate of depression, anxiety, and suicide attempts.
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Suicide is the leading cause of death among young people (aged 15-29) globally.
Suicide is the leading cause of death among young people (aged 15-29) globally.
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Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a deliberate attempt to harm oneself, but it is not intended to end one's life.
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a deliberate attempt to harm oneself, but it is not intended to end one's life.
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The Philippine Mental Health Law (RA 11036) aims to improve access to mental health services and promote mental health awareness.
The Philippine Mental Health Law (RA 11036) aims to improve access to mental health services and promote mental health awareness.
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Psychiatrists are mental health professionals who can prescribe medication.
Psychiatrists are mental health professionals who can prescribe medication.
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Psychologists primarily focus on psychological testing and evaluation.
Psychologists primarily focus on psychological testing and evaluation.
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Psychometricians are mental health professionals who conduct personality tests and prepare clients for psychological interventions.
Psychometricians are mental health professionals who conduct personality tests and prepare clients for psychological interventions.
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Guidance counselors primarily focus on helping clients with educational and career-related goals.
Guidance counselors primarily focus on helping clients with educational and career-related goals.
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Occupational therapists help clients reintegrate into daily life and develop life skills.
Occupational therapists help clients reintegrate into daily life and develop life skills.
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Life coaches are mental health professionals who provide clinical services to address specific mental health issues.
Life coaches are mental health professionals who provide clinical services to address specific mental health issues.
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Coping strategies are behaviors used to manage internal and external demands of stressful situations.
Coping strategies are behaviors used to manage internal and external demands of stressful situations.
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Problem-focused coping involves attempting to change the stressful situation.
Problem-focused coping involves attempting to change the stressful situation.
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Emotion-focused coping involves changing the way we think or feel about the stressful situation.
Emotion-focused coping involves changing the way we think or feel about the stressful situation.
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Avoidant coping involves removing oneself from the stressful situation and avoiding it in the future.
Avoidant coping involves removing oneself from the stressful situation and avoiding it in the future.
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Mental hygiene is the practice of maintaining mental health and preventing the development of mental disorders.
Mental hygiene is the practice of maintaining mental health and preventing the development of mental disorders.
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The Preventive Approach focuses on creating supportive environments to promote individuals’ emotional and social well-being.
The Preventive Approach focuses on creating supportive environments to promote individuals’ emotional and social well-being.
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The Therapeutic Approach focuses on correcting minor behavioral maladjustments.
The Therapeutic Approach focuses on correcting minor behavioral maladjustments.
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The Curative Approach focuses on addressing severe mental health problems that require professional intervention.
The Curative Approach focuses on addressing severe mental health problems that require professional intervention.
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Self-care is the practice of activities that promote personal well-being and healthy functioning.
Self-care is the practice of activities that promote personal well-being and healthy functioning.
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Quality time is a form of self-care that involves spending time on activities that we enjoy.
Quality time is a form of self-care that involves spending time on activities that we enjoy.
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Physical touch is a form of self-care that involves engaging in activities that promote physical health and well-being, such as exercise.
Physical touch is a form of self-care that involves engaging in activities that promote physical health and well-being, such as exercise.
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Acts of service are a form of self-care that involves helping others.
Acts of service are a form of self-care that involves helping others.
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Receiving gifts is a form of self-care that involves investing in our own well-being.
Receiving gifts is a form of self-care that involves investing in our own well-being.
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Words of affirmation are a form of self-care that involves using positive self-talk to encourage ourselves.
Words of affirmation are a form of self-care that involves using positive self-talk to encourage ourselves.
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Resilience is a trait that we either have or don’t have, and it cannot be learned or developed.
Resilience is a trait that we either have or don’t have, and it cannot be learned or developed.
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Resilience is the ability to bounce back from adversity and maintain healthy functioning.
Resilience is the ability to bounce back from adversity and maintain healthy functioning.
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Acceptance is a protective factor that emphasizes the ability to accept difficult situations even if we cannot change them.
Acceptance is a protective factor that emphasizes the ability to accept difficult situations even if we cannot change them.
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Caring and supportive relationships are characterized by genuine love and trust, which can contribute to well-being.
Caring and supportive relationships are characterized by genuine love and trust, which can contribute to well-being.
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Self-awareness is the ability to understand ourselves, including our strengths, weaknesses, and values.
Self-awareness is the ability to understand ourselves, including our strengths, weaknesses, and values.
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Creativity and flexibility are protective factors that refer to our ability to problem-solve and adapt to changing situations.
Creativity and flexibility are protective factors that refer to our ability to problem-solve and adapt to changing situations.
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Safe and positive spaces promote self-expression, supportive relationships, and a sense of belonging.
Safe and positive spaces promote self-expression, supportive relationships, and a sense of belonging.
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Sense of coherence is the belief that the world is predictable and manageable, which helps us cope with stress.
Sense of coherence is the belief that the world is predictable and manageable, which helps us cope with stress.
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Emotion regulation skills refer to our ability to manage and control our emotions.
Emotion regulation skills refer to our ability to manage and control our emotions.
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Spirituality can contribute to well-being by providing a sense of purpose, meaning, and connection.
Spirituality can contribute to well-being by providing a sense of purpose, meaning, and connection.
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Creating a culture of resilience means fostering supportive environments and positive relationships that promote mental well-being.
Creating a culture of resilience means fostering supportive environments and positive relationships that promote mental well-being.
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Study Notes
Learning to Be a Better Student
- Learning refers to the potential for change in behavior
- Learning precedes performance, which utilizes the learnt potentiality
- Performance translates learning into action
- Stress and performance are related in a classic inverted-U shape
- Low stress yields low performance
- High stress can lead to fight-or-flight mode, reducing higher-level brain activity
- Moderate stress levels correlate highly with optimal performance
- Rote learning does not involve understanding, memorization is an example
Learning Types
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Rote Learning: Involves learning without understanding, such as memorization.
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Examples given include times tables (multiplication)
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Rational Learning: Involves learning with understanding.
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Motor Learning: Adaptation of movement to stimuli, like cooking or a handyman's tasks
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Associational Learning: Establishing relationships between things, such as an alarm clock.
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Appreciational Learning: Acquiring attitudes, ideas, satisfaction and values from activities
Basic Learning Principles
- Recency: The most recent experience or association is more easily recalled.
- Frequency: Frequently encountered information is more easily recalled.
- Vividness: Learning is enhanced by vividness or clarity of the process.
Setting Goals for Success
- Goals are observable, measurable results from several objectives in a given timeframe
- Goals are what you need to do to reach your vision
- Motivates one’s behavior leading to action
- Goals must be aligned to personal vision and purposes
- Goal Setting Theory (Locke & Latham): Specific, challenging, and appropriate feedback are crucial for better performance.
The Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Illness
- This model integrates biological, psychological, and social factors in health
- It emphasises how thoughts and psychological state influences physical condition
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- A hierarchy of human needs, with physiological needs at the base and self-actualization at the top
- Physiological needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs can be attended to
Social Cognitive Theory
- Albert Bandura's theory emphasizing the interaction of cognitive, behavioral, personal, and environmental factors in motivation and behavior
- Self-efficacy is the belief in one's ability to succeed
Growth Mindset Theory
- Carol Dweck's theory that individuals have either a fixed or a growth mindset, which shapes their response to challenges and failure
- Individuals with a growth mindset believe their abilities can be developed
Stress and Personality Types
- Type A personalities are competitive and high-achieving, prone to health problems
- Type B personalities are laid-back and less prone to health problems
- Type C personalities keep the peace, and find it difficult to express negative emotions.
- Type D personality tends to experience negative emotions
Psychoneuroimmunology
- The study of interactions between psychology, the nervous system and immune system
- Psychological states influence the immune system
Stress
- An internal alarm system in response to a real or perceived threat
- A combination of a stressor and a stress response.
- Part of daily life.
- Can be useful or harmful, energizing or exhausting
- Positive stress (eustress): Can help to achieve goals
- Negative stress (distress): Can occur when stress is too much or overwhelming
Filipino Social Values
- Karangalan: Filipinos are sensitive to attacks on their self-esteem
- Katarungan: Lack of justice leads to stress
- Kalayaan: Absence of “freedom and mobility” causing stress
Stressors
- Environmental: Poverty, pollution, crowding, noise, natural disasters
- Cognitive: How a person perceives a situation
- Personal behavior: Negative reactions caused by drug use, or lack of exercise
- Life situation: Losses and problems
Mental Health and Wellness
- Mental health is being able to cope with life’s issues.
- A state of being where you realise your ability to cope with everyday issues
- Mental health can be viewed as a continuum from healthy to mental illness.
Mental Health Problems Among Filipino Adolescents
- Depression - A common mood disorder impacting behavior, emotions, thoughts
Suicide
- The second leading cause of death among 15-29-year-olds
- Filipinos show a significant rate of suicide attempts and ideation
Coping Mechanisms
- Thoughts and behaviours to manage internal and external pressures (stressors)
- Coping strategies vary
Self-Care
- Activities undertaken to maintain well-being and functioning.
- Examples include Quality time, Physical Touch, Acts of Servise, Receiving Gifts and Words of affirmation.
Digital Detox
- Disconnecting from digital devices to improve well-being
Resilience
- The ability to adapt to adverse events, recover from difficulties, and maintain well-being.
- It is not a fixed trait, but a dynamic process
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Description
This quiz explores various learning types and their impact on student performance. It discusses the relationship between stress and performance and highlights the differences between rote and rational learning. Test your understanding of these concepts and improve your study habits.
