Insulin Administration Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary ingredient composition of Humulin 70/30?

60% Humulin N and 40% Humulin R

70% Humulin N and 30% Humulin R (correct)

70% Humulin R and 30% Humulin N

50% Humulin R and 50% Humulin N

What is the correct sequence for drawing up Humulin 70/30 insulin?

Draw up the total dose in air before injecting into vials. (correct)

Draw up the 'N' dose first, then the 'R' dose.

Put air in the 'R' vial before the 'N' vial.

Put air in the 'N' vial, then the 'R' vial, and draw doses in that order.

Which needle gauge and length is typically used for intramuscular (IM) injections?

25 gauge / 5/8 inch

21 gauge / 1 inch (correct)

23 gauge / 1.5 inch

18 gauge / 1 inch

Which anticoagulant can be administered for extended periods?

Coumadin Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for Heparin overdose?

Protamine sulfate Signup and view all the answers

Which lab test is used to monitor Heparin therapy?

PTT Signup and view all the answers

Which diuretic is associated with potassium wasting?

Furosemide Signup and view all the answers

What is the effective action time for Coumadin to take effect?

A few days to a week Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature when choosing the size of needle for injections?

The abbreviation indicating the type of injection Signup and view all the answers

Which anticoagulant cannot be given to pregnant women?

Coumadin Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary teaching guideline for children in the Sensorimotor stage of Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development?

Describe what you are doing as you are doing it. Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is common when taking Baclofen or Flexeril?

Fatigue/Drowsiness. Signup and view all the answers

At what age does Piaget suggest that children begin to think abstractly?

12 years and older. Signup and view all the answers

What is an appropriate method of teaching for children in the Pre-operational stage?

Utilize toys and stories to explain future events. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a teaching guideline for the Concrete Operational stage?

Encourage the use of abstract thinking. Signup and view all the answers

Which warning should be emphasized to patients taking muscle relaxers like Baclofen?

Avoid operating heavy machinery. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of thinking in the Pre-operational stage?

Fantasy-oriented and illogical. Signup and view all the answers

In Piaget’s theory, which age group is associated with Concrete Operational thinking?

7-11 years. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the pre-interaction phase in the nurse-patient relationship?

For the nurse to explore their own feelings Signup and view all the answers

What is the best approach when interacting with a child in the Formal Operational stage regarding their care?

Discuss care plans as you would with an adult. Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does the nurse first meet the patient?

Introductory Phase Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is most appropriate for the working phase of the nurse-patient relationship?

Focused and directive communication Signup and view all the answers

What should teachers avoid when preparing children in the Concrete Operational stage for future activities?

Incorporating abstract reasoning into teachings. Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse avoid when interacting with a patient regarding emotions?

Telling the patient not to worry Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the essence of empathy in communication with a patient?

I can understand why you feel that way Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant characteristic of the termination phase in the nurse-patient relationship?

It signifies that the nurse and patient have resolved the main problems Signup and view all the answers

How should a nurse respond to a patient who is expressing distress?

I see that you're upset; can you tell me more about it? Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions should a nurse take during the introductory phase?

Engage in probing questions to gain information Signup and view all the answers

In the context of gift giving in a nurse-patient relationship, which is the best practice?

Politely decline any gifts from patients Signup and view all the answers

What approach should a nurse use to enhance effective communication with a patient suffering from psychosis?

Employ simple, clear language without slang Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a key teaching strategy for children in the Concrete Operational stage of Piaget’s Theory?

Use concrete examples and structured activities days prior. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with the use of Baclofen and Flexeril?

Drowsiness and fatigue Signup and view all the answers

At what age does Piaget suggest children are capable of thinking abstractly?

12 years old Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using Humulin 70/30 instead of separate insulin types?

It provides a combination of rapid and intermediate action. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective method of teaching for children in the Pre-operational stage?

Integrate role play and narratives while preparing them. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best represents a precaution that should be taken by patients using muscle relaxers such as Flexeril?

You should avoid driving after taking these relaxers. Signup and view all the answers

What does the abbreviation 'RN' in the context of drawing up insulin signify?

Regular before NPH. Signup and view all the answers

What specific guideline is recommended for children in the Sensorimotor stage during teaching?

Describe ongoing activities as they happen. Signup and view all the answers

When administering Heparin, which of the following statements is true?

It works immediately after administration. Signup and view all the answers

In a learning environment for children aged 3-6 years, how should information be presented to align with their cognitive abilities?

Introduce future actions two hours before they occur. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Coumadin from Heparin in terms of administration?

Coumadin is administered orally. Signup and view all the answers

Which lab test is primarily used to monitor Coumadin therapy?

Prothrombin Time (PT) and INR. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is most indicative of a child's thinking in the Concrete Operational stage according to Piaget?

Strict adherence to rules in various scenarios. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diuretic is likely to waste potassium?

Loop diuretics. Signup and view all the answers

As per Piaget’s stages, which group of children is primarily oriented towards concrete examples and finds rules important?

Concrete Operational stage (7-11 years) Signup and view all the answers

How long can Heparin be used safely, excluding Lovenox?

3 weeks. Signup and view all the answers

What is the common antidote for a Heparin overdose?

Protamine sulfate. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between the actions of heparin and coumadin?

Heparin is fast-acting while Coumadin has a delayed onset. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the introductory phase in the nurse-patient relationship?

To establish a mutually agreed-upon plan of care Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the relationship does the nurse implement the plan of care?

Working Phase Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse avoid doing in the context of gift giving with patients?

Declining any gifts from patients Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach when dealing with empathy-related questions?

Put oneself in the patient’s shoes and acknowledge their feelings Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the pre-interaction phase in the nurse-patient relationship?

To explore the nurse’s feelings and prevent bias Signup and view all the answers

Which communication technique is least effective when interacting with patients experiencing distress?

Using slang and colloquial language Signup and view all the answers

In the working phase of the nurse-patient relationship, what is the most appropriate characteristic for the nurse's approach?

To be directive and set clear limits Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse avoid saying when attempting to demonstrate empathy towards a patient?

You shouldn’t feel that way. Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase should be encouraged to foster effective communication with a psych patient?

Why don't you tell me what you think? Signup and view all the answers

When is the termination phase considered complete in the nurse-patient relationship?

When all goals of the care plan are met Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Humulin 70/30

Combination of 70% intermediate-acting (Humulin N) and 30% short-acting (Humulin R) insulin
Key mnemonic: “RN” - Clear before cloudy for drawing insulin

Drawing Up Insulin

Steps:
- Draw total air dose
- Inject air into the N vial
- Inject air into the R vial
- Draw up R dose followed by N dose

Injection Needle Sizes

Intramuscular (IM): 21 gauge, 1 inch (IM hints at 1)
Subcutaneous: 25 gauge, 5/8 inch (S resembles 5)

Heparin vs. Coumadin

Heparin:
- Administered IV or subcutaneously
- Acts immediately; maximum duration of 3 weeks (Lovenox is an exception)
- Antidote: protamine sulfate
- Monitored by PTT; safe for pregnant women
Coumadin:
- Administered orally
- Takes days to a week to take effect; can be taken long-term
- Antidote: vitamin K
- Monitored by PT/INR; contraindicated in pregnancy

K Wasting vs. K Sparing Diuretics

Diuretics ending in "X" waste potassium (K)
All others spare potassium

Muscle Relaxers

Most tested muscle relaxers: Baclofen and Flexeril
Baclofen: "Back loafin'" when used
Flexeril: "Flex" muscles
Common side effects: fatigue, drowsiness, muscle weakness
Important teaching points:
- Avoid alcohol
- Do not drive or operate heavy machinery

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Sensorimotor (0-2 years):
- Present-oriented, focused on immediate actions
- Use real-time instructions for teaching; pre-teach parents
Pre-operational (3-6 years):
- Fantasy-oriented, illogical
- Utilize future-focused language; engage with play and stories
Concrete operational (7-11 years):
- Rule-oriented, concrete thinkers
- Teach several days in advance, use age-appropriate materials
Formal operational (12+ years):
- Capable of abstract thought; can manage own care

Phases of Relationship in Psych Nursing

Pre-interaction Phase:
- Objective: explore feelings, prevent judgement
- Begins upon learning of patient assignment
Introductory Phase:
- Objective: assess and establish care plan
- Begins at first meeting; requires warmth and exploration
Working Phase:
- Objective: implement care plan
- Focused, directive interactions; set limits
Termination Phase:
- Begins at admission, ends when relationship is resolved

Key Guidelines for Patient Interaction

No gift exchanges with patients
Avoid giving direct advice; ask open-ended questions
Do not guarantee outcomes; keep the conversation exploratory
Use precise language, avoid slang for clarity
Practice empathy; never dismiss feelings
4 Step Empathy Answering Process:
- Recognize empathy-focused questions
- Ensure each answer contains emotions from the quote
- Actively engage with the patient's perspective

Humulin 70/30

Combination of 70% intermediate-acting (Humulin N) and 30% short-acting (Humulin R) insulin
Key mnemonic: “RN” - Clear before cloudy for drawing insulin

Drawing Up Insulin

Steps:
- Draw total air dose
- Inject air into the N vial
- Inject air into the R vial
- Draw up R dose followed by N dose

Injection Needle Sizes

Intramuscular (IM): 21 gauge, 1 inch (IM hints at 1)
Subcutaneous: 25 gauge, 5/8 inch (S resembles 5)

Heparin vs. Coumadin

Heparin:
- Administered IV or subcutaneously
- Acts immediately; maximum duration of 3 weeks (Lovenox is an exception)
- Antidote: protamine sulfate
- Monitored by PTT; safe for pregnant women
Coumadin:
- Administered orally
- Takes days to a week to take effect; can be taken long-term
- Antidote: vitamin K
- Monitored by PT/INR; contraindicated in pregnancy

K Wasting vs. K Sparing Diuretics

Diuretics ending in "X" waste potassium (K)
All others spare potassium

Muscle Relaxers

Most tested muscle relaxers: Baclofen and Flexeril
Baclofen: "Back loafin'" when used
Flexeril: "Flex" muscles
Common side effects: fatigue, drowsiness, muscle weakness
Important teaching points:
- Avoid alcohol
- Do not drive or operate heavy machinery

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Sensorimotor (0-2 years):
- Present-oriented, focused on immediate actions
- Use real-time instructions for teaching; pre-teach parents
Pre-operational (3-6 years):
- Fantasy-oriented, illogical
- Utilize future-focused language; engage with play and stories
Concrete operational (7-11 years):
- Rule-oriented, concrete thinkers
- Teach several days in advance, use age-appropriate materials
Formal operational (12+ years):
- Capable of abstract thought; can manage own care

Phases of Relationship in Psych Nursing

Pre-interaction Phase:
- Objective: explore feelings, prevent judgement
- Begins upon learning of patient assignment
Introductory Phase:
- Objective: assess and establish care plan
- Begins at first meeting; requires warmth and exploration
Working Phase:
- Objective: implement care plan
- Focused, directive interactions; set limits
Termination Phase:
- Begins at admission, ends when relationship is resolved

Key Guidelines for Patient Interaction

No gift exchanges with patients
Avoid giving direct advice; ask open-ended questions
Do not guarantee outcomes; keep the conversation exploratory
Use precise language, avoid slang for clarity
Practice empathy; never dismiss feelings
4 Step Empathy Answering Process:
- Recognize empathy-focused questions
- Ensure each answer contains emotions from the quote
- Actively engage with the patient's perspective

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Description

This quiz covers the essential information regarding medication, particularly focusing on Humulin 70/30. It highlights the properties of the insulin combination, its drawing technique, and key tips for proper administration. Perfect for healthcare students or professionals looking to enhance their understanding of insulin medication.