NUR 410 Week 5

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Questions and Answers

Which statement accurately describes the relationship between policies and procedures?

  • Policies are specific methods that implement broader procedures.
  • Procedures are established methods used to enact policies. (correct)
  • Procedures provide the underlying reasons for policies.
  • Policies outline the detailed steps for specific procedures.

A healthcare organization is developing a policy to reduce hospital readmissions. Which factor should be considered to ensure the policy's effectiveness?

  • Upstream factors like socioeconomic conditions and access to care. (correct)
  • The availability of new medical technologies.
  • The individual preferences of the hospital's board members.
  • The current political climate and potential funding opportunities.

In the context of healthcare policy, what does 'health in all policies' primarily emphasize?

  • Prioritizing health funding above all other policy concerns.
  • Ensuring that all government policies are directly related to healthcare.
  • Integrating health considerations into decision-making across all sectors. (correct)
  • Requiring healthcare professionals to be involved in all policy decisions.

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the application of public policy in healthcare?

<p>A government enacting a law to reduce smoking rates. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When developing a new health policy, which consideration is most crucial for ensuring its relevance and effectiveness?

<p>The policy is informed by relevant evidence and values. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do municipal governments typically contribute to health promotion within their communities?

<p>By co-funding and delivering provincial health programs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action exemplifies how a nurse can directly influence health policy?

<p>Advocating for changes in healthcare regulations to a legislator. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of provincial/territorial governments in Canada's healthcare system?

<p>Administering and delivering most healthcare services. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key function of the federal government in Canada's healthcare system?

<p>Providing funding support for provincial and territorial healthcare services. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for nurses to understand the policy-making process?

<p>To effectively advocate for their patients and the nursing profession. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes 'health public policy' from general 'health policy'?

<p>Health public policy explicitly aims to improve conditions affecting population health through social determinants. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider the implementation of a new hospital policy on mandatory overtime for nurses. Which factors might contribute to ethical arguments and political ideologies being 'at odds' during its development?

<p>Differing views on patient safety, nurse well-being, and cost-effectiveness. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action is an example of a 'downstream' approach to addressing health issues?

<p>Providing smoking cessation counseling to patients with COPD. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a 'meso-level' healthcare decision-making setting?

<p>A hospital director setting organizational policies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most accurate description of the relationship between 'upstream' and 'downstream' factors in public policy?

<p>Upstream factors shape health outcomes through social, economic, and political conditions, while downstream factors are the resulting immediate health problems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of health policy, what does it mean for a policy to be 'rarely neutral'?

<p>It is usually influenced by the agenda of decision-makers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions demonstrates a nurse's engagement in the 'planning' domain of nursing practice?

<p>Developing a community health initiative to address obesity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the material, what is one of the potential impacts of policies on nurses' professional practice?

<p>Policies may impact work conditions, influence quality of care, and allow political engagement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies how health policy 'shapes the delivery of healthcare'?

<p>Government regulations influencing the number of available hospital beds. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing factor of 'rules' compared to 'guidelines' or 'policies' in healthcare settings?

<p>Rules provide direct boundaries to behavior, whereas guidelines and policies are advisory. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of healthcare decision making involves local or unit-based policies?

<p>Micro-level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which decision makers are involved in micro-level healthcare decision making?

<p>Nurses and APNs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which level of healthcare decision making are provincial policies created?

<p>Macro-level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a Policy?

A statement of direction resulting from a decision-making process that applies reason, evidence, and values in public or private settings.

Policies

Guides to action on an issue

Procedures

Established methods used to get something done

Guidelines

A suggested course of action

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Rules

Direct and give boundaries to behaviors

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What is Public Policy?

A statement produced by a public authority that defines one or more problems affecting the population and furnishes a response.

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Health Policy

It aims to achieve specific health care goals within a society.

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Health Public Policy

Aims to improve conditions by positively impacting social, economic, and environmental determinants of health.

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Role of Municipalities in Health

They co-fund and deliver provincial health programs, contributing to hospitals, and supporting community accessibility.

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Role of the Ontario Ministry of Health

They administer the health care system, providing services like health insurance and regulating hospitals.

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Health Policy

Policies shape the delivery of healthcare

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Role of Provincial/Territorial Government in Health

They administer and deliver most health care services, including health insurance plans and funding for health facilities.

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Role of Federal Government in Health

They support health delivery to specific populations like First Nations people and manage health standards.

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Study Notes

  • The text provides key definitions and information relating to policy and the policy environment, specifically in healthcare

Key Policy Definitions

  • A policy is a statement of direction from a decision-making process, using reason, evidence, and values in public or private sectors.
  • Policies are applied at different levels such as with groups, communities and general populations
  • The policy-making process often involves conflicting problem/solution ideas, ethical arguments, and political ideologies.
  • Policies formalize implicit or explicit normative judgements about a course of action and its other possibilities
  • Policies can be abstract or specific, and follow a hierarchical order, where one policy may override another.
  • The people who decide on policies are Politicians, leaders at work, or other decision makers, those who may have their own agenda, so policies are rarely neutral

Types of Policy

  • Policies: are guides to action on an issue.
  • Procedures: are established methods used to get something done.
  • Guidelines: are a suggested course of action.
  • Rules: directly give boundaries to behaviors.
  • Public Policy: is a statement by a public authority that identifies problems affecting populations or groups and offers solutions with objectives, actions, and actors.
  • Public Policy is often enacted at a governmental level (federal, provincial, or municipal)
  • Public Policy often deals with a cluster of issues
  • Public Policy considers "upstream" (social, economic, political conditions influencing health outcomes) and "downstream" factors (immediate health problems from upstream factors)
  • Policy implementation can be good or bad for the public good.
  • Health Policy: Decisions, plans, and actions to achieve specific health care goals within a society.
  • Health policy includes policies related to the general health of the population and the provision of healthcare.
  • Examples of health policy include national and provincial pharmacare.

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