Free Radical Reactions and Addition to C-C Bonds

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Questions and Answers

What is a key aspect considered in the addition to carbon-carbon multiple bonds?

  • The size of the container
  • The color of the solution
  • Stereochemistry (correct)
  • The price of materials

Which type of reactions are E2, E1, and E1CB classified as?

  • Rearrangement reactions
  • Addition reactions
  • Elimination reactions (correct)
  • Substitution reactions

What is a key factor influencing reactivity in elimination reactions?

  • The type of container used
  • The cost of the solvent
  • The attacking base (correct)
  • The stirring speed

Which of the following is a type of free radical reaction?

<p>Allylic halogenation (D)</p>
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What is considered in the addition of carbon-carbon multiple bonds?

<p>Mechanistic aspects (B)</p>
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In elimination reactions, what factor influences their stereochemistry and orientation?

<p>The substrate (B)</p>
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Which reaction involves the generation of enolate ions?

<p>Addition to carbon-hetero atom multiple bonds (B)</p>
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Which of the following reactions is associated with free radicals?

<p>Auto-oxidation (A)</p>
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What is a type of reaction included under addition to carbon-carbon multiple bonds?

<p>Hydroboration (A)</p>
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Which model is associated with Aldol condensation reactions?

<p>Zimmerman-Traxler model (D)</p>
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What kind of reaction is the Hunsdiecker reaction?

<p>Free radical (A)</p>
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Which of the options is a type of elimination reaction?

<p>E1 (C)</p>
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Which of the following is an example of a reaction involving carbon-heteroatom multiple bonds?

<p>Wittig reaction (C)</p>
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Which aspect is important for predicting the course of a pericyclic reaction?

<p>Molecular orbital symmetry (D)</p>
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Which reaction involves the mechanism of hydrolysis of esters?

<p>Stobbe Condensation (B)</p>
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What are E2, E1, and E1cb reactions known for?

<p>Their stereochemistry (C)</p>
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What is the focus of reactions involving carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom multiple bonds?

<p>Their mechanistic aspects (D)</p>
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What is produced from the oxidation of aldehydes?

<p>Carboxylic acids (A)</p>
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What is involved in the addition to alkenes?

<p>Addition to cycloxene (B)</p>
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What does reactivity consider for elimination reactions?

<p>The leaving group (D)</p>
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Flashcards

Free Radical Reactions

Reactions involving the formation, structure, stability, and reactivity of free radicals.

Addition to Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds

Addition reactions where electrophiles, nucleophiles, or free radicals add to carbon-carbon multiple bonds.

Mechanistic Aspect

The aspect of an addition reaction that involves electrophiles, nucleophiles and free radicals.

Regioselectivity

The aspect of addition reactions relating to the preference of one regioisomer over another.

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Chemoselectivity

Addition reactions when the reaction favors the addition to one functional group over another.

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Stereochemical Orientation

Addition reactions where the spatial arrangement of atoms are considered.

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Addition to Carbon-Hetero Atom Multiple Bonds

Reactions where enolate ions are formed, and their applications, are examined.

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Elimination Reactions

Reactions involving the removal of atoms or groups from a molecule, creating a multiple bond.

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E2 Mechanism

A bimolecular elimination reaction where the proton abstraction and leaving group departure occur simultaneously.

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E1 Mechanism

A unimolecular elimination reaction involving a carbocation intermediate.

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E1cB Mechanism

Elimination unimolecular conjugate base mechanism.

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Study Notes

Syllabus: Unit-I

  • Free radical reactions involve the generation, structure, stability, and reactions of free radicals.
  • Allylic halogenation (NBS) is a type of free radical reaction.
  • Oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids is a free radical reaction.
  • Auto-oxidation and coupling of alkynes are free radical reactions.
  • Free radical rearrangement and the Hunsdiecker reaction are free radical reactions.
  • Cage effects are observed in free radical reactions.
  • Radical cations & radical-anions, and Sunl substitution processes are types of free radical reactions.
  • Addition to carbon-carbon multiple bonds involves mechanistic and stereochemical aspects of addition.
  • Addition reactions involve electrophiles, nucleophiles, and free radicals.
  • Regio- and chemoselectivity, reactivity, and stereochemical orientation are important in addition reactions.
  • Specific addition reactions include addition to cyclopropane rings and alkenes (including cycloxene).
  • Examples of additions on alkenes are hydroboration, epoxidation, hydroxylation, Michael reaction, and hydrogenation.

Unit-II

  • Addition to carbon-hetero atom multiple bonds involves the generation of enolate ions and their synthetic applications, including stereochemical aspects.
  • Stereochemistry of Wittig and Aldol condensation reactions are important reactions (Zimmerman-Traxler model).
  • Stobbe Condensation reaction is a type of addition reaction.
  • Reaction mechanism of Hydrolysis of esters is also covered.
  • Elimination reactions include the E2, E1, and E1CB mechanisms and their stereochemistry and orientation.
  • Reactivity in elimination reactions is affected by substrates, attacking base, the leaving group, and the medium.
  • Mechanisms and orientation in pyrolytic elimination and Peterson elimination are important.

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