Cranial Nerve V: Ophthalmic Division Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

A patient reports loss of sensation in the forehead and scalp. Which nerve branch, originating from the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (V1), is most likely affected?

  • Supraorbital nerve (correct)
  • External nasal nerve
  • Lacrimal nerve
  • Infratrochlear nerve

Following a fracture involving the lateral orbital margin of the frontal bone, a patient reports altered sensation in the lateral aspect of their upper eyelid. Which nerve is most likely to have been damaged?

  • Infratrochlear nerve
  • Supratrochlear nerve
  • Lacrimal nerve (correct)
  • Supraorbital nerve

A patient presents with numbness of the skin on the nose following a surgical procedure. Which nerve branch is MOST likely affected?

  • Mental
  • Zygomaticofacial
  • External Nasal (correct)
  • Infraorbital

A patient presents with sensory loss in the lower eyelid, cheek, side of the nose, and upper lip's mucous membrane. Which nerve is MOST likely involved?

<p>Infraorbital (C)</p>
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A surgeon is performing a procedure near the lateral surface of the zygomatic bone and needs to minimize the risk of nerve damage. Which nerve is MOST at risk in this location?

<p>Zygomaticofacial nerve (A)</p>
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A patient reports experiencing sensory changes in the anterior temple region, specifically above zygomatic arch. Which nerve is most likely affected?

<p>Zygomaticotemporal nerve (B)</p>
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After a dental procedure, a patient reports altered sensation in the skin and mucous membrane of the lower lip and chin. Which nerve branch arising from the mandibular division (V3) is MOST likely affected?

<p>Mental nerve (C)</p>
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During an examination, a dentist finds that a patient has loss of sensation in the skin and mucous membrane of the cheek. Which nerve is MOST likely affected?

<p>Buccal (D)</p>
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A patient reports sensory loss in the external ear and temporal area of the scalp. Which nerve branch is MOST likely involved?

<p>Auriculotemporal nerve (C)</p>
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A surgeon is planning an approach through the infratemporal fossa (IT Fossa). Which of the following nerves is MOST at risk during procedures in this area?

<p>Buccal nerve (A)</p>
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Flashcards

Supraorbital Nerve

Branch of the ophthalmic division (V1) that exits via the supraorbital foramen (or notch) to innervate the forehead, scalp, and upper eyelid.

Supratrochlear Nerve

Branch of the ophthalmic division (V1) that exits via the medial supraorbital margin of the frontal bone to innervate the forehead, scalp, and upper eyelid.

Infratrochlear Nerve

Branch of the ophthalmic division (V1) that exits via the medial infraorbital margin of the frontal bone to innervate the medial upper eyelid, skin of the nose, and lacrimal sac.

Lacrimal Nerve

Branch of the ophthalmic division (V1) that exits via the lateral orbital margin of the frontal bone to innervate the lateral eye eyelid.

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External Nasal Nerve

Branch of the ophthalmic division (V1) that exits between the nasal bone and cartilaginous part of the nose to innervate the skin of the nose.

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Infraorbital Nerve

Branch of the maxillary division (V2) that exits via the infraorbital foramen of the maxilla to innervate to the lower eyelid, cheek, side of nose, skin and mucous membrane of upper lip.

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Zygomaticofacial Nerve

Branch of the maxillary division (V2) that exits via the zygomaticofacial foramen on the lateral surface of the zygomatic bone to innervate the skin of face over zygomatic bone.

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Zygomaticotemporal Nerve

Branch of the maxillary division (V2) that exits via the zygomaticotemporal foramen on posterior surface of zygomatic bone to innervate the skin of anterior temple above zygomatic arch.

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Mental Nerve

Branch of the mandibular division (V3) that exits via the mental foramen of the mandible to innervate skin and mucous membrane of lower lip and chin.

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Buccal Nerve

Branch of the mandibular division (V3) that passes through the IT Fossa to innervate the skin and mucous membrane of the cheek.

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Study Notes

  • Functional Anatomy of CN V Innervation to Face/Parotid Region:

Ophthalmic division (V1)

  • Supraorbital nerve originates from the Frontal nerve
  • Supraorbital nerve exits through the Supraorbital foramen (or notch) of the frontal bone
  • Supraorbital nerve provides sensory innervation to the forehead, scalp, and upper eyelid
  • Supratrochlear nerve originates from the Frontal nerve
  • Supratrochlear nerve exits through the Medial supraorbital margin of the frontal bone
  • Supratrochlear nerve provides sensory innervation to the forehead, scalp, and upper eyelid
  • Infratrochlear nerve originates from the Nasociliary nerve
  • Infratrochlear nerve exits through the Medial infraorbital margin of the frontal bone
  • Infratrochlear nerve provides sensory innervation to the medial upper eyelid, skin of the nose, and lacrimal sac
  • Lacrimal nerve originates from the Ophthalmic nerve
  • Lacrimal nerve exits through the Lateral orbital margin of the frontal bone
  • Lacrimal nerve provides sensory innervation to the lateral eyelid
  • External Nasal nerve originates from the Anterior Ethmoid nerve
  • External Nasal nerve exits between the nasal bone and cartilaginous part of the nose
  • External Nasal nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the nose

Maxillary division (V2)

  • Infraorbital nerve originates from the Maxillary nerve
  • Infraorbital nerve exits through the Infraorbital foramen of the maxilla
  • Infraorbital nerve provides sensory innervation to the lower eyelid, cheek, side of the nose, skin, and mucous membrane of the upper lip
  • Zygomaticofacial nerve originates from the Zygomatic nerve
  • Zygomaticofacial nerve exits through the Zygomaticofacial foramen on the lateral surface of the zygomatic bone
  • Zygomaticofacial nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the face over the zygomatic bone
  • Zygomaticotemporal nerve originates from the Zygomatic nerve
  • Zygomaticotemporal nerve exits through the Zygomaticotemporal foramen on the posterior surface of the zygomatic bone
  • Zygomaticotemporal nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the anterior temple above the zygomatic arch

Mandibular division (V3)

  • Mental nerve originates from the Inferior alveolar nerve
  • Mental nerve exits through the Mental foramen of the mandible
  • Mental nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin and mucous membrane of the lower lip and chin
  • Buccal nerve originates from the Mandibular nerve
  • Buccal nerve exits through the IT Fossa
  • Buccal nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin and mucous membrane of the cheek
  • Auriculotemporal nerve originates from the Mandibular nerve
  • Auriculotemporal nerve exits through the IT Fossa
  • Auriculotemporal nerve provides sensory innervation to the external ear and temporal area of the scalp

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