Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which statement accurately differentiates between double salts and coordination complexes?
Which statement accurately differentiates between double salts and coordination complexes?
- Double salts maintain their individual ion identities in solution, while coordination complexes do not. (correct)
- Double salts do not ionize completely in an aqueous medium, unlike coordination complexes.
- Coordination complexes give tests for all constituent ions, whereas double salts do not.
- Coordination complexes are formed in stoichiometric ratios, unlike double salts.
What distinguishes a homoleptic complex from a heteroleptic complex?
What distinguishes a homoleptic complex from a heteroleptic complex?
- The overall charge of the complex ion.
- The types of ligands bound to the central metal ion. (correct)
- The oxidation state of the central metal ion.
- The number of ligands coordinated to the central metal ion.
In the coordination complex $K_4[Fe(CN)_6]$, what constitutes the coordination sphere?
In the coordination complex $K_4[Fe(CN)_6]$, what constitutes the coordination sphere?
- The potassium ions ($K^+$) outside the brackets.
- The iron ion ($Fe$) only.
- The cyanide ions ($CN^$) only.
- The iron ion ($Fe$) and cyanide ions ($CN^$) within the brackets. (correct)
A ligand that can bind to a central metal ion through two atoms is referred to as:
A ligand that can bind to a central metal ion through two atoms is referred to as:
Which of the following statements about ligands is correct?
Which of the following statements about ligands is correct?
What determines the denticity of a ligand?
What determines the denticity of a ligand?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of addition compounds?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of addition compounds?
What is the key difference between the ionization sphere and the coordination sphere in a complex ion?
What is the key difference between the ionization sphere and the coordination sphere in a complex ion?
Which of the listed compounds is classified as a double salt?
Which of the listed compounds is classified as a double salt?
What is the primary characteristic of a coordination complex that distinguishes it from a simple salt in aqueous solution?
What is the primary characteristic of a coordination complex that distinguishes it from a simple salt in aqueous solution?
Flashcards
Double Salt
Double Salt
When two salts combine in a fixed ratio and completely ionize in an aqueous medium, giving the test of all ions.
Coordination/Complex Compound
Coordination/Complex Compound
When two salts combine but do not completely ionize in an aqueous medium, and do not give the test of all ions.
Homoleptic Complex
Homoleptic Complex
A complex in which all ligands are of the same type.
Heteroleptic Complex
Heteroleptic Complex
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Denticity
Denticity
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Unidentate / Monodentate Ligand
Unidentate / Monodentate Ligand
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Didentate Ligand
Didentate Ligand
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Polydentate Ligand
Polydentate Ligand
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Coordination Entity/Sphere
Coordination Entity/Sphere
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Ligand
Ligand
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Study Notes
- Coordination chemistry is an area of study.
Introduction
- Salt I (aq) plus Salt II (aq) yields an addition compound in a stoichiometric ratio.
- There are two types of addition compounds: double salts and coordination/complex compounds.
Double Salt
- Formed addition compound will completely ionize in an aqueous medium.
- Double salts give tests for all constituent ions.
- Examples of double salts:
- KCl•MgCl₂•6H₂O (Carnallite)
- FeSO₄•(NH₄)₂SO₄•6H₂O (Mohr's salt/FAS)
- K₂SO₄•Al₂(SO₄)₃•24H₂O (M.F.)/Potash Alum
- KAl(SO₄)₂•12H₂O (E.F.).
Coordination/Complex Compound
- Formed addition compound does not completely ionize in an aqueous medium.
- Complex compounds do not give tests for all constituent ions.
- Example of a complex compound: K₄[Fe(CN)₆].
- Complex compounds can be homoleptic or heteroleptic
Homoleptic
- All ligands are of the same type.
- Example: K₄[Fe(CN)₆]
- Homoleptic complexes contain only one type of ligand
Heteroleptic
- There is more than one type of ligand.
- Example: [Cr(NH₃)₃Cl₃]
- Ligand plus central metal yields coordination entity that is commonly expressed in square brackets.
- Coordination entity plus ionization sphere yields coordination sphere.
Denticity
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Denticity is the number of atoms of a ligand attached to a central metal.
-
Unidentate/monodentate: one atom of ligand attached to central metal.
- Ex: Cl⁻ → M
-
Didentate: two atoms of ligand attached to central metal.
- Ex: CH₂-NH₂ CH₂-NH₂ → M
-
Polydentate: more than two atoms of ligand attached to central metal.
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Description
Learn about coordination chemistry, focusing on the differences between double salts and coordination/complex compounds. Explore ionization in aqueous solutions and examples of homoleptic and heteroleptic complexes. Understand how these compounds differ in their behavior and composition.
