Cardiorespiratory Module Wrap Up
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Questions and Answers

What classification best describes walking a dog 2 miles in ~35 minutes?

  • Physical Activity (correct)
  • Physical Function
  • Physical Exercise (correct)
  • Physical Fitness

Why is dog walking classified as exercise?

  • It is repetitive (correct)
  • It is structured (correct)
  • It is progressive
  • It is recreational

What is a defining feature of physical activity that encompasses exercise?

  • It is a leisure activity
  • It is not timed
  • It increases energy expenditure (correct)
  • It does cause one to sweat

How would you classify the physical fitness of a person who walks 2 miles with a 5% grade and doesn't get short of breath?

<p>It depends (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key element to inducing a physiological change with exercise?

<p>Overload the system/structure being trained (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor in improving sport-specific performance?

<p>Be specific with the training stimulus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when creating an exercise prescription for a 50-mile bike ride?

<p>Aerobic capacity and endurance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity does NOT necessarily need to be progressive to maintain fitness?

<p>Dog walking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which key principle is being applied when ensuring that DW bikes specifically for his training?

<p>Specificity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

DW's training includes intervals on Monday, longer distance on Wednesday, and high RPM on Fridays. Which training principle is illustrated here?

<p>Variation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is expected to happen to DW's MET level during exercise if they maintain a set RPE or HR while improving fitness?

<p>MET level of exercise bout will increase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered best to determine the level of intensity when prescribing exercise?

<p>Range for HR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For an activity level of 4 METs, is this considered moderate intensity?

<p>It depends on the individual's capacity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After training, what change is expected when DW exercises at the same 7 METs level?

<p>% of max HR should be lower (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following 6 weeks of training, what change is anticipated when exercising at moderate intensity with an RPE of 6?

<p>% of max HR should be lower (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an RPE at moderate intensity typically reflect in terms of physiological measurement?

<p>% of Max HR (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do METs directly reflect?

<p>VO2 capacity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should exercise intensity be set according to the exercise prescription principles?

<p>By percentage of maximum heart rate or RPE (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which exercise routine achieves the desired health benefits most efficiently for a patient with a max MET load of 10?

<p>Perform 30 min of exercise at 6 METs 3 times a week (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important change in physiology due to training?

<p>Ability to work at a lower percentage of maximum capacity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason to start with assessing if a subject is active vs. sedentary?

<p>To understand the person's risk profile (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct definition of medical clearance for exercise?

<p>An approval from a health care professional to engage in exercise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test allows a patient to choose their own pace?

<p>6MWT (6-Minute Walk Test) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach best informs the decision regarding exercise testing for individuals with risk factors?

<p>Considering known CVD/Metabolic/Renal conditions along with major signs/symptoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus when beginning a walking exercise program?

<p>To test tolerance gradually (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal sequence for increasing exercise efficiency?

<p>Build endurance/distance, then build intensity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy would best suit CASE 3 during her recovery period?

<p>Focus on short walking sessions gradually increasing distance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

CASE 5 wants to be ready for a 100-mile bike ride. What is her primary concern?

<p>Increasing cardiovascular endurance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a warm-up essential before beginning an exercise routine?

<p>To allow gradual increase of heart rate and blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should CASE 4 progress his cycling fitness routine to achieve his goal?

<p>Increase cycling distance, maintaining a steady pace (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In CASE 2, what should be evaluated to enhance his exercise program?

<p>Increase treadmill speed and gradient progressively (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could be the primary concern for CASE 1 when starting a walking regime?

<p>Ensuring sustained activity without premature fatigue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is exercise?

Structured, purposeful, and repetitive bodily movement performed to improve or maintain physical fitness.

What is Physical Activity?

Any bodily movement that results in energy expenditure, which can include exercise but also activities like walking, gardening, or household chores.

What is Physical Function?

The ability to perform daily activities with vigor and without undue fatigue, it's more about functionality in everyday life.

What is Physical Fitness?

A state of being that refers to the body's ability to adapt to and perform physical activity, often measured by specific metrics like heart rate or endurance.

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What is Overload Principle?

The principle that states physical systems adapt and improve in response to increasing demands placed upon them, making the system more efficient and effective.

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What is Periodization?

The process of adapting exercise training programs over time to ensure continued progress and avoid plateaus, often by changing intensity, volume, or frequency.

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What is Cardiorespiratory Fitness?

The ability of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to work together to deliver oxygen to the body's tissues and remove waste products during prolonged physical activity.

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What is an Exercise Prescription (Ex Rx)?

A comprehensive plan that considers an individual's goals, health status, and limitations to design a safe and effective exercise program, often involving structured activities like aerobic exercises, strength training, and flexibility exercises.

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Specificity

Training that focuses on specific skills, movements, or energy systems to improve performance in a particular activity.

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Variation

Incorporating variety into a training program by changing exercises, intensity, duration, or rest periods.

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Progressive Overload

The idea that the body adapts to the demands placed upon it. As you exercise, you need to gradually increase the intensity or duration of your workouts to see further improvement.

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Reversibility

The body's ability to adapt to the demands of exercise. When you stop exercising, your fitness levels will decrease.

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METs and Heart Rate

The relationship between exercise intensity and the percentage of maximum heart rate (Max HR). As fitness improves, a given exercise intensity (METs) will require a lower percentage of Max HR.

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Work Load

The amount of work a person can do, usually expressed in METs (Metabolic Equivalent).

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MET

The ratio of the energy expended during an activity to the resting energy expenditure.

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VO2 Max Increase

As fitness increases, your body becomes more efficient at utilizing oxygen, leading to a higher VO2 max (maximum oxygen uptake).

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Build Endurance / Distance

A gradual increase in the amount of time or distance you exercise, allowing your body to adapt and become stronger.

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Build Intensity

Increasing the intensity of your workout, such as by walking faster, walking uphill, or incorporating intervals of high-intensity exercise.

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Warm-up

A warm-up gradually increases your heart rate and blood flow, preparing your body for exercise.

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Cool-down

A cool-down gradually slows down your heart rate and blood flow, helping your body recover from exercise.

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Muscle Pump

The process of the muscles in your legs contracting to push blood back to your heart.

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Monitor, Monitor, Monitor

Use a combination of activity, rest, and diet to plan your exercise.

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METs (Metabolic Equivalent of Task)

A measure of the amount of energy expended during physical activity, reflecting the oxygen uptake needed for that effort. It's related to % of VO2max, indicating the intensity of exercise.

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VO2 Max (% of VO2 max)

A measure of the maximum aerobic capacity of a person, representing the highest rate at which their body can consume oxygen during strenuous exercise. It's expressed as a percentage of the individual's maximum oxygen uptake capacity.

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Enhanced Exercise Tolerance

A key change in fitness achieved through training, enabling individuals to sustain a higher workload at a lower percentage of their maximum heart rate or VO2 max. This typically corresponds to a higher lactate threshold, allowing for longer periods of exertion before fatigue and shortness of breath kicks in.

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Graded Exercise Test (GXT)

A comprehensive assessment of your overall cardiovascular health, including blood pressure, heart rate, and perceived exertion, conducted during a specific period of physical activity, typically walking or running.

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Lactate Threshold

The point at which your body starts to produce lactic acid faster than it can clear it. This often coincides with feelings of burning muscles and shortness of breath, and marks the transition from moderate to vigorous exercise intensity.

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Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE)

A measure of the perceived effort or intensity of physical activity, based on a scale of 1-10, where 1 is no exertion at all and 10 is maximal exertion.

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Medical Clearance for Exercise

A physician's approval for a patient to begin or continue a specific exercise program, based on their medical history, risk factors, and current health condition.

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Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

A comprehensive list of factors that increase an individual's likelihood of developing Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), including high blood pressure, cholesterol levels, family history, smoking, and lack of physical activity.

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Study Notes

Cardiorespiratory Module - Wrap Up

  • The module covers definitions and principles of exercise prescription.
  • Walking a dog for 2 miles 5 days a week between ~35 minutes is classified as physical activity and also an exercise.
  • Exercise is planned, purposeful, and repetitive.
  • It can be progressive, if the goal is to improve fitness.
  • It does not have to be progressive, if the purpose is to maintain fitness.
  • Physical activity encompasses exercise.
  • Not all physical activity is exercise. Exercise must be planned, structured, and repetitive.
  • A patient walking a 5% grade loop, 1 mile long, in 35 minutes without shortness of breath and with sufficient energy demonstrates reasonable physical fitness.
  • METs (Metabolic Equivalent of Task) should be considered for activities.
  • Understanding a patient's overall pace is vital for exercise prescription.
  • Key factors to exercise prescription include specificity, volume effect, progressive overload, variation, individuality, and reversibility.
  • The goal to improve the physiologic change in a patient, due to exercise, is achieved by overloading the system.
  • To achieve optimal sport-specific performance, use specificity in the training stimulus, use periodization.
  • The essential components of an exercise prescription depend upon the purpose of the exercise, and may vary.
  • Outcomes and health-related priorities should be considered to understand what kind of exercise prescription to recommend.
  • Specificity of exercise prescription is crucial for a successful exercise program.
  • As fitness improves, changes should be seen in HR during exercise and MET levels of exercise bouts, and blood pressure may decrease at rest.
  • HR/RPE are linked to the same physiological concept but with differing measures.
  • MET directly reflects VO2 capacity. METs measure workload.
  • Intensity of exercise can be set using percentage of maximum heart rate or rate of perceived exertion. The proper exercise intensity is dictated by the patient/client’s conditions.
  • Moderate intensity can be defined using METs.
  • Maximum MET capacity plays a role in exercise prescription.
  • ADLs (Activity of Daily Living) have a standard concept and associated MET values.
  • On initial testing, if a patient is performing 7 METs at 75% of maximum, after training, one may expect a lower percentage of maximum heart rate be at the exercise intensity of 7 METs.
  • Warm-up and cool-down are vital to gradually adjust the heart and vasculature to changes in heart rate and blood pressure.
  • It is also important to remember to monitor the muscle pump for venous return
  • The FITT-VP principle is a guideline for exercise prescription to determine a person’s CV condition.
  • The 220-Age formula for estimating maximum heart rate is one guideline to determining exercise intensity and is appropriate when no other testing measures are available.
  • A graded exercise test (GXT) provides more specific and tailored information.
  • Case studies are based on various patient scenarios, such as patients with different goals.
  • The examples of a patient who wishes to increase fitness and maintain an exercise routine.

Key Points

  • Exercise prescription should account for patient-specific needs and outcomes.
  • Exercise prescription needs to consider the patient’s history and overall health status.

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Cardiorespiratory Module Wrap Up PDF

Description

This quiz reviews key concepts in exercise prescription from the Cardiorespiratory module. Understand the distinctions between physical activity and exercise, and explore principles such as progressive overload and specificity. Test your knowledge on how to effectively design exercise plans that cater to individual fitness levels.

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