Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of fats in organisms?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of fats in organisms?
- Building plant cell walls (correct)
- Energy storage
- Insulating nerve cells
- Providing buoyancy in marine organisms
What are the fundamental building blocks of proteins?
What are the fundamental building blocks of proteins?
- Amino acids (correct)
- Starch
- Fatty acids
- Glucose
Which of these is a storage form of glucose found in animals?
Which of these is a storage form of glucose found in animals?
- Glycogen (correct)
- Cellulose
- Starch
- Fatty acids
Which carbohydrate is used to build plant cell walls?
Which carbohydrate is used to build plant cell walls?
Which of the following is a source of lipids mentioned?
Which of the following is a source of lipids mentioned?
Flashcards
Biological Molecules
Biological Molecules
Large molecules made of smaller repeating units called monomers. They are essential for life and provide energy, structure, and other important functions.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
A type of biological molecule that provides energy for cells. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Proteins
Proteins
A type of biological molecule used for building and repairing tissues. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
Lipids
Lipids
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Cellulose
Cellulose
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Study Notes
Biological Molecules
- Biological molecules include carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
- Carbohydrates break down into glucose.
- Proteins break down into amino acids.
- Lipids break down into fatty acids and glycerol.
Food Tests
- Starch: Iodine solution turns blue-black if starch is present.
- Sugar: Benedict's solution changes colour based on sugar concentration (high=orange/red, low=pale yellow).
- Lipids: Emulsion test (ethanol into water), cloudy mix = present.
- Proteins: Biuret reagent turns purple/violet in presence of proteins.
Carbohydrates
- Simple sugars (e.g., glucose): Basic building blocks. Ring structure.
- Polysaccharides (e.g., starch): Chains of simple sugars. Used for energy storage (plants)
- Cellulose: Forms plant cell walls.
Proteins
- Amino acids: Building blocks, chain structures. Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen.
- Uses: Growth, repair, enzymes.
Lipids
- Fatty acids and glycerol: Building blocks.
- Uses: Energy storage, insulation, buoyancy (sea creatures).
- Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
Nucleic Acids
- DNA and RNA: Chains of nucleotides.
- DNA: Provides instructions for building proteins.
- RNA: Involved in protein synthesis. Contains nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
Food Tests - Safety
- Follow appropriate safety precautions when handling chemicals.
- Avoid cross-contamination of samples.
- Use water as a control to establish a baseline for testing.
Qualitative vs. Quantitative
- Qualitative tests describe presence or absence of a substance.
- Quantitative tests measure the amount or concentration of a substance.
- Benedict's test is semi-quantitative as it gives an indication of sugar level but not precise measurement.
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Description
This quiz covers the key biological molecules, including carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Additionally, it explores various food tests to identify the presence of these molecules and their breakdown products. Test your knowledge on the structures, functions, and tests related to essential biomolecules!
