Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which classification category is the broadest, encompassing the entire group of organisms?
Which classification category is the broadest, encompassing the entire group of organisms?
- Genus
- Kingdom (correct)
- Species
- Phylum
What term describes the two-part scientific naming system for species?
What term describes the two-part scientific naming system for species?
- Cladistics
- Binomial nomenclature (correct)
- Eukaryotic classification
- Morphological taxonomy
What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
- To cause diseases in living organisms
- To break down nutrients from dead matter (correct)
- To contribute to insect pollination
- To produce energy through photosynthesis
Which type of plant exhibits negative tropism by moving away from a stimulus?
Which type of plant exhibits negative tropism by moving away from a stimulus?
What distinguishes viruses from living organisms?
What distinguishes viruses from living organisms?
Which is true about monocots compared to dicots?
Which is true about monocots compared to dicots?
Which of the following is a function of an antibody?
Which of the following is a function of an antibody?
What happens during the dormancy period of an organism?
What happens during the dormancy period of an organism?
Flashcards
Classification System
Classification System
A classification system that organizes living things into a hierarchy of groups based on shared characteristics.
Binomial Nomenclature
Binomial Nomenclature
The two-part scientific name given to each species, typically written in italics.
Cladogram
Cladogram
A diagram that illustrates the evolutionary relationships between different organisms.
Asexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
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Sexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
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Bacteriophage
Bacteriophage
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Gravitropism
Gravitropism
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Dormancy
Dormancy
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Study Notes
Biological Classification
- A hierarchical system groups species into increasingly broader categories:
- Species
- Genus
- Family
- Order
- Class
- Phylum
- Kingdom
- Binomial nomenclature: Each species has a unique 2-part scientific name (italicized).
- Traditional classifications are based on structural and observable characteristics.
- Cladograms illustrate evolutionary relationships between organisms.
Prokaryotes (Monera)
- Monera kingdom was divided into Eubacteria and Archaebacteria.
- Gram staining distinguishes the types of cell walls in Eubacteria.
- Decomposers are organisms (bacteria) that break down dead matter to release nutrients.
Viruses
- Basic virus structure includes nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) and a protein coat (capsid).
- Viruses can only reproduce inside living cells.
Reproduction
- Asexual reproduction involves an organism replicating itself.
- Sexual reproduction involves the union of gametes from two parents.
Bacteriophages
- Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect and replicate within bacterial cells.
Plants (Angiosperms)
- Angiosperms (flowering plants) contain seeds enclosed within a protective layer.
- Monocots have one seed leaf (cotyledon) (e.g., bamboo).
- Dicots have two seed leaves (cotyledons) (e.g., many garden plants).
- Fruits are mature, ripened ovaries of flowering plants.
- Seeds disperse by various methods: wind or animals.
Plant Responses and Adaptations
- Tropism: Plant movement or growth towards or away from a stimulus.
- Positive tropism: Movement towards a stimulus.
- Negative tropism: Movement away from a stimulus.
- Gravitropism: Response to gravity.
- Dormancy: Temporary suspension of plant growth and development.
Immunity
- Positive immunity (short-lived): Introducing antibodies from another species; body eventually destroys them.
- Antibodies: Proteins that target and neutralize antigens to fight infections.
- Antigens: Substances that trigger an immune response.
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Description
Explore the hierarchical system of biological classification, from species to kingdom. Understand the principles of binomial nomenclature, the characteristics of prokaryotes, and the structure of viruses. Additionally, delve into the differences between asexual and sexual reproduction.
