BIO 101: Introduction to Ecology

The study of the relationships between organisms and their environment.

A concept contributing to the foundation of ecology, referring to a community of living organisms.

Developed views on earth as a macro-organism with the Gaia hypothesis.

Linked urban ecology to human health.

He coined the term 'holism' in the 1926 book 'Holism and Evolution'.

Coined the term ecosystem in 1936 and was a notable researcher.

Authored the first influential American ecology book in 1905.

Founded physiological ecology; pioneered food-web and biome concepts.

Pioneered food-web & niche concepts and authored influential Animal Ecology.

The study of the interactions among the Earth's environments, land, air and seas.

The study of the exchange of vitality, materials, living beings, and various other parts of the ecosystem.

The integrated study of living and non-living components of biological systems.

The study of the function and organization of communities between organisms.

Deals with components that change and affect the hereditary composition and the size of the population of life forms.

The study of an individual organism's conduct, morphology, physiology, etc. to natural changes.

The study of the environment on the generation of proteins and how these proteins influence life forms and their environment.

Ecological hierarchy from individual organism to biosphere and everything in between.

Individual living entities, unicellular or multicellular with a fixed lifespan.

Group of organisms of the same species occupying a particular area and interbreeding.

Species found only in a particular area.

A predator species that has a major influence on the characteristics of a community.

Species that help other species in vital activities, like pollinators.

All the populations of different species that inhabit a particular area and interact with each other.

A biological community of organisms and their physical environment.

The global sum of all ecosystems; the zone of life on Earth.

A natural environment of an organism where it grows, lives and reproduces.

Non-living component of an ecosystem, includes air, water, soil, etc.

Living components of an ecosystem.

Factors related to the structure and composition of the soil.

The vertical section of the soil, showing series of horizontal layers.

Shallow-rooted crops like cowpea and groundnut are grown in

The air that fills the soil pore spaces not occupied by water; determines soil firmness.

The water present in the soil, obtained through rain or irrigation; classified as hygroscopic, gravitational, or capillary.

Plants adapted to live in aquatic environments.

Plants adapted to survive in moderate environments.

Plants adapted to survive in physiologically dry conditions.

Tiny areas that differ from the surrounding environments, housing unique habitats.

Marine habitats split into open ocean and coastal regions.

Upper part of the ocean with enough sunlight for photosynthesis.

Partly enclosed bodies of water where freshwater mixes with saltwater, resulting in brackish waters.