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Questions and Answers
During the initial step of defining a problem within an analytical problem-solving model, what potential pitfall should be actively avoided to ensure a clear and unbiased problem definition?
During the initial step of defining a problem within an analytical problem-solving model, what potential pitfall should be actively avoided to ensure a clear and unbiased problem definition?
- Framing the problem as a disguised solution, which may prematurely limit the scope of potential alternatives. (correct)
- Identifying the violated standard to set a clear benchmark for evaluating potential solutions.
- Incorporating feedback from all stakeholders, irrespective of their direct involvement.
- Explicitly stating the problem to promote transparency and shared understanding.
When generating alternative solutions in analytical problem-solving, what strategy is most effective for fostering a comprehensive and unbiased approach?
When generating alternative solutions in analytical problem-solving, what strategy is most effective for fostering a comprehensive and unbiased approach?
- Immediately assessing each alternative to quickly narrow down to the most viable options.
- Prioritizing alternatives that align with short-term goals to ensure immediate impact.
- Ensuring active participation from all involved individuals to generate a wide array of alternatives. (correct)
- Concentrating on alternatives that have proven successful in the past to minimize risk.
In the evaluation stage of analytical problem-solving, what crucial aspect must be considered to ensure the selection of the most suitable alternative?
In the evaluation stage of analytical problem-solving, what crucial aspect must be considered to ensure the selection of the most suitable alternative?
- Focusing solely on the primary effects of each alternative to streamline the decision process.
- Evaluating alternatives based on their adherence to an optimal standard and alignment with overall goals. (correct)
- Relying on subjective judgment to identify the alternative that feels 'right'.
- Prioritizing alternatives that can be implemented most quickly to minimize disruption.
In the implementation phase of the analytical problem-solving model, why is it important to establish an ongoing monitoring system?
In the implementation phase of the analytical problem-solving model, why is it important to establish an ongoing monitoring system?
What is the most significant challenge to overcome when defining a problem within the constraints of the analytical problem-solving model?
What is the most significant challenge to overcome when defining a problem within the constraints of the analytical problem-solving model?
What constraint is most likely to limit the effectiveness of generating alternatives within the analytical problem-solving model?
What constraint is most likely to limit the effectiveness of generating alternatives within the analytical problem-solving model?
When evaluating and selecting an alternative in the analytical problem-solving model, what aspect poses the most significant constraint?
When evaluating and selecting an alternative in the analytical problem-solving model, what aspect poses the most significant constraint?
What is a major impediment to the successful implementation and follow-up of a chosen solution in the analytical problem-solving process?
What is a major impediment to the successful implementation and follow-up of a chosen solution in the analytical problem-solving process?
In the context of creative problem-solving, what is the primary implication of assuming that creativity is one-dimensional?
In the context of creative problem-solving, what is the primary implication of assuming that creativity is one-dimensional?
What is the most significant impact of conceptual blocks on an individual's creativity?
What is the most significant impact of conceptual blocks on an individual's creativity?
Which type of creativity is characterized by a focus on teamwork, involvement, coordination, and building trust to achieve sustainable solutions?
Which type of creativity is characterized by a focus on teamwork, involvement, coordination, and building trust to achieve sustainable solutions?
Which type of creativity is most suitable for achieving rapid goal attainment, requiring faster responses, and attacking the problems directly?
Which type of creativity is most suitable for achieving rapid goal attainment, requiring faster responses, and attacking the problems directly?
Which of the four types of creativity is best suited for situations that demand brand-new, breakthrough products and services?
Which of the four types of creativity is best suited for situations that demand brand-new, breakthrough products and services?
In which scenario would 'improvement' creativity be most applicable?
In which scenario would 'improvement' creativity be most applicable?
What outcome is most likely when individuals rely on perceptual stereotyping in problem-solving?
What outcome is most likely when individuals rely on perceptual stereotyping in problem-solving?
How does 'Ignoring Commonalities' primarily impede creative problem-solving?
How does 'Ignoring Commonalities' primarily impede creative problem-solving?
How does the conceptual block of 'compression' typically manifest in problem-solving scenarios?
How does the conceptual block of 'compression' typically manifest in problem-solving scenarios?
In what way does complacency act as a conceptual block to creative problem-solving?
In what way does complacency act as a conceptual block to creative problem-solving?
According to DeBono, what distinguishes vertical thinking from lateral thinking?
According to DeBono, what distinguishes vertical thinking from lateral thinking?
How does increasing the number of 'thinking languages' available to problem solvers enhance creativity?
How does increasing the number of 'thinking languages' available to problem solvers enhance creativity?
During the 'preparation' stage in creative thought, what kind of activities are most effective?
During the 'preparation' stage in creative thought, what kind of activities are most effective?
Which of the following is not a way to improve problem definition?
Which of the following is not a way to improve problem definition?
Which strategy is most effective for generating a greater variety of potential solutions during creative problem-solving?
Which strategy is most effective for generating a greater variety of potential solutions during creative problem-solving?
Which of the following is not a rule of brainstorming?
Which of the following is not a rule of brainstorming?
In the process of morphological synthesis for creative problem-solving, what step is taken after the problem attributes are listed?
In the process of morphological synthesis for creative problem-solving, what step is taken after the problem attributes are listed?
How does the relational algorithm technique enhance creative problem-solving?
How does the relational algorithm technique enhance creative problem-solving?
Which action would be the least helpful in facilitating creative problem-solving?
Which action would be the least helpful in facilitating creative problem-solving?
According to Figure 3.9, what would you do first in the Model of Analytical and Creative Problem solving?
According to Figure 3.9, what would you do first in the Model of Analytical and Creative Problem solving?
What is one of the main differences between analytical and creative problem-solving?
What is one of the main differences between analytical and creative problem-solving?
According to 'Three Principles for Fostering Creativity', what is the main idea behind, 'Pull people apart; put people together'?
According to 'Three Principles for Fostering Creativity', what is the main idea behind, 'Pull people apart; put people together'?
Which behavioral guideline is key when approaching a complex problem?
Which behavioral guideline is key when approaching a complex problem?
According to the material, what is the MOST accurate definition of the 'Commitment' conceptual block?
According to the material, what is the MOST accurate definition of the 'Commitment' conceptual block?
According to the the book, what can mental obstacles do?
According to the the book, what can mental obstacles do?
Which radar detector led to the invention of the microwave?
Which radar detector led to the invention of the microwave?
Which is not a multiple thinking language?
Which is not a multiple thinking language?
Which of the following is true about perceptual stereotyping?
Which of the following is true about perceptual stereotyping?
If an individual fails to find the common thread that exists between dissimilar problems what are they doing?
If an individual fails to find the common thread that exists between dissimilar problems what are they doing?
What is Synectics?
What is Synectics?
What is the end goal of morphological synthesis?
What is the end goal of morphological synthesis?
What did Spence Silver's Glue lead to the development of?
What did Spence Silver's Glue lead to the development of?
Three principles for fostering creativity includes all EXCEPT:
Three principles for fostering creativity includes all EXCEPT:
Within the constraints affecting analytical problem-solving, what is the most critical implication of 'confusing information' during the problem definition stage?
Within the constraints affecting analytical problem-solving, what is the most critical implication of 'confusing information' during the problem definition stage?
How might the constraint of 'alternatives are based on what was successful in the past' most severely limit the 'generating alternatives' stage of the analytical problem-solving model?
How might the constraint of 'alternatives are based on what was successful in the past' most severely limit the 'generating alternatives' stage of the analytical problem-solving model?
What is the most significant risk associated with 'resistance to change' during the 'implementation and follow up' stage of the analytical problem-solving model?
What is the most significant risk associated with 'resistance to change' during the 'implementation and follow up' stage of the analytical problem-solving model?
In the context of creative problem-solving, what is the primary risk of overemphasizing 'Improvement' creativity at the expense of other creativity types?
In the context of creative problem-solving, what is the primary risk of overemphasizing 'Improvement' creativity at the expense of other creativity types?
How does the conceptual block of 'constancy' MOST critically impede effective problem-solving?
How does the conceptual block of 'constancy' MOST critically impede effective problem-solving?
Flashcards
Step 1: Define the Problem
Step 1: Define the Problem
Differentiate fact from opinion, specify underlying causes, state the problem explicitly. Identify what standard is violated.
Step 2: Generate Alternative Solutions
Step 2: Generate Alternative Solutions
Postpone evaluating alternatives. Be sure all involved individuals generate alternatives. Build on others' ideas.
Step 3: Evaluate and Select an Alternative
Step 3: Evaluate and Select an Alternative
Evaluate relative to an optimal standard. Evaluate systematically and relative to goals. State the selected alternative explicitly.
Step 4: Implement and Follow Up
Step 4: Implement and Follow Up
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Perceptual Stereotyping
Perceptual Stereotyping
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Ignoring Commonalities
Ignoring Commonalities
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Constancy
Constancy
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Commitment
Commitment
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Compression
Compression
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Complacency
Complacency
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Vertical Thinking
Vertical Thinking
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Lateral Thinking
Lateral Thinking
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Synectics
Synectics
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Types of Analogies
Types of Analogies
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Elaborate the Definition
Elaborate the Definition
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Reverse the Definition
Reverse the Definition
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Rules of Brainstorming
Rules of Brainstorming
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Morphological Synthesis
Morphological Synthesis
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Relational Algorithm
Relational Algorithm
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Facilitate Creative Problem-Solving
Facilitate Creative Problem-Solving
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Fostering Creativity
Fostering Creativity
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Problem Assessment = YES
Problem Assessment = YES
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Problem Assessment = NO
Problem Assessment = NO
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Constraints when defining problems
Constraints when defining problems
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Constraints when generating alternatives.
Constraints when generating alternatives.
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Constraints when evaluating alternatives.
Constraints when evaluating alternatives.
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Study Notes
Chapter 3 Overview
- The chapter is about Analytical and Creative Problem Solving
- It explores a model for problem-solving, constraints, impediments, and ways to foster creativit
Learning Objectives
- Increase analytical problem-solving proficiency.
- Recognize personal conceptual blocks.
- Enhance creativity by overcoming conceptual blocks.
- Foster innovation among others.
Model of Problem-Solving - Step 1: Define the Problem
- Differentiate fact from opinion when defining the problem.
- Specify the underlying causes of the problem.
- Gather information from everyone involved to fully understand the problem.
- State the problem explicitly to avoid ambiguity.
- Identify the violated standard to understand the problem's impact.
- Know whose problem it is to assign ownership and accountability.
- Stating the problem as a disguised solution should be avoided.
Model of Problem-Solving - Step 2: Generate Alternative Solutions
- Postponing the evaluation of alternatives can lead to more creative solutions.
- Involve all relevant individuals in generating alternatives for broader perspectives.
- Ensure alternative solutions align with overall goals.
- Specify both short- and long-term solutions for a comprehensive approach.
- Building on others' ideas fosters collaborative innovation.
- The alternative should be a direct solution to the defined problem.
Model of Problem-Solving - Step 3: Evaluate and Select an Alternative
- Evaluate alternatives relative to an optimal standard for comparison.
- Alternatives must be evaluated systematically to get a comprehensive approach
- Alternatives must be evaluated relative to goals to measure its effectiveness
- The evaluation should consider both main and side effects of the alternatives.
- The selected alternative should be stated clearly for clarity and agreement.
Model of Problem-Solving - Step 4: Implement and Follow Up on the Solution
- Implementation should occur at the right time and in the correct order.
- Opportunities for feedback promote continuous improvement.
- Acceptance by stakeholders is a key factor for success.
- An ongoing monitoring system is necessary to track progress and address issues.
- Evaluation should be based on how well the problem is solved to check if it meets expectations.
Constraints on Analytical Problem-Solving - Step 1: Defining Problems
- Lack of consensus on the problem can result in solutions that do not solve the right problem
- Acceptance of the problem definition by the stakeholders is important.
- Symptoms are often confused with the real problem.
- Confusing information may mask the real problem.
Constraints on Analytical Problem-Solving - Step 2: Generating Alternatives
- Alternatives are frequently evaluated as they are proposed, which limits creative solution generation.
- Few potential alternatives are commonly known, restricting the range of options.
- The first potential solution which is deemed acceptable is usually accepted, regardless of how good it is
- Alternatives are based on what was successful in the past
- There are many limitations based on personal preferences
Constraints on Analytical Problem-Solving - Step 3: Evaluating and Selecting Alternatives
- There is limited information on alternatives
- Information searches occur close to home, restricting the range of knowledge
- Search types are limited to certain fields.
- Gathering information can be costly.
- Preferences for the best alternatives are not always known.
Constraints on Analytical Problem-Solving - Step 4: Implementation and Follow-Up
- Acceptance from stakeholders are not always possible
- Resistance to change is common
- It can be difficult to decide which portion of the solution to monitor
- Political and organizational processes must be managed.
- Implementation of some solutions can take a long time.
Impediments to Creative Problem-Solving
- Most people assume creativity is one-dimensional.
- Almost everyone has created blocks that inhibit our creativity.
Conceptual Blocks
- These can inhibit all four different approaches to creativity.
- These are mental obstacles, that affect how problems are defined.
- Overcoming blocks can lead to innovative solutions.
- Percy Spencer's Magnetron, a radar detector, led to the microwave.
- Spence Silver's Glue led to Post-It Notes.
- Constancy can inhibit the solution of some kinds of problems.
- Consistence can push creativity out.
- Commitment occurs when problems are seen only as past variations.
- Compression lacks filtering irrelevant information or finding needed information. Artificial constraints defining the boundary too narrowly
- Complacency doesn't filter out irrelevant information or finding needed information. Artificial constraints defining the boundary too narrowly
Ways of Thinking
- Vertical thinking focuses focuses on continuity, and is analytic.
- Lateral thinking focuses discontinuity and discovering things.
Multiple Thinking Languages
- The more linguistic means available, the more creative the solution will be:
- Example: Words
- Symbols
- Senses (i.e., Smell)
- Feelings and Emotions
- Visual Imagery
Improving Problem Definition
- Synectics involves making the strange familiar and the familiar strange.
- Analogy use includes personal, direct, symbolic, and fantasy analogies.
- The elaboration of two different plausible definitions should be done. Think in plurals.
- Reversing a definition simply means turn the problem upside down.
Ways to Generate More Alternatives
- Defer judgment through brainstorming.
- Expand the current options - subdivide
- Combine unrelated attributes via a relational algorithm and morphological synthesis.
Rules of Brainstorming
- Brainstorming benefits from suspending any evaluation of potential ideas.
- Wild ideas are encouraged in brainstorming sessions.
- Quantity should come before quality in the initial phases
- People should build on others' ideas
Morphological Synthesis
- Initially, the problem is defined.
- The attributes of the problem are listed down
- The alternatives to each attribute are then listed.
- The final step would be combining different alternatives from the attributes.
Relational Algorithm
- Relational algorithms apply connecting words that enforce relationships between elements in a problem
Hints to Facilitate Creative Problem-Solving
- Relaxation time is necessary
- Find a location where you can think
- Talking to other people aids ideas
- Asking other people for suggestions about your problems enhances creativity
- Reading is a great habit
- Being protected from idea-killers is important
Three Principles for Fostering Creativity
- Pull people apart and put them back together
- Monitoring and Prodding are good habits
- Rewards should exist for multiple roles
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Description
This resource explores analytical and creative approaches to problem-solving. It covers a problem-solving model, from defining the problem to generating alternative solutions. It also discusses constraints, impediments, and techniques to foster creativity and innovation.
